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Description
Flashcards by Anya Martinez, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Anya Martinez
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| The process in which you seperate a mixture of liquids by heating it up. | Distillation |
| The lowest energy state possible for an electron | Ground State |
| A force that exists between two different molecules. Examples are hydrogen bonding (which is strong), dipole-dipole forces (Which is kind of weak) | Intermolecular Forces |
| The solid that gets dissolved into a solution | Solute |
| The liquid that dissolves the solid in a solution | Solvent |
| Anything that gives off H+ ions in water, have a pH less than 7 and are good at dissolving metals | Acid |
| When the cations (positive ions) of two ionic compounds switch places | Double Replacement Reaction |
| The time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay | Half-Life |
| A bond formed when oppositely charged particles stick together | Ionic Bond |
| The standard counting amount in Chemistry | Mole |
| A property which can be determined without c hangin something chemically | Physical Property |
| 273 K (0 degrees celsius) and 101.3 kPa | Standard Temperature and Pressure |
| A law in chemistry that states that if two gases under the same conditions of temperature, pressure, and volume, they got the same number of particles (Mostly applied to Ideal Gases) | Avogadro's Law |
| Concentration | A measurement of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent |
| The mininmum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to take place | Activation Energy |
| An ionic compound that dissociates in water to conduct electricity | Electrolyte |
| The elements in group 17, VERY reactive (trying to reach 8 electrons badly) | Halogens |
| The amount of energy required to pull an electron off a neutral, gaseous atom | Ionization Energy |
| A compound held together by covalent bonds | Molecular Compound |
| A covalent bond where elctrons are not shared evenly between the two atoms in the bond (because the electronegativity values of the two atoms aren't the same) | Polar Covalent Bond |
| When a solid changes directly into a gas | Sublimation |
| A negatively charged radioactive particle equivalent to an electron | Beta Particle |
| When a vapor reforms into a liquid | Condensation |
| A mixture of two metals | Alloy |
| When a process absorbs energy from it's surrondings | Endothermic |
| The kinectic energy of the particles in a system | Heat |
| When an element has more than one possibility for the number of neutrons | Isotope |
| The result of an acid with a base to form water and an ionic salt | Neutralization |
| A covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms | Nonpolar Covalent Bonds |
| Name for something contains more than one atom | Polyatomic |
| When you make a bigger molecule from two or more smaller ones | Synthesis |
| A compound containg two elements | Binary compounds |
| A chemical bond formed when two atoms share two electrons | Covalent bond |
| Group 1 on the periodic table | Alkali metals |
| Group 2 on the periodic table | Alkaline earth metals |
| A measurement of the energycontent of a system | Enthalpy |
| A measurement of the randomness in a system | Entropy |
| A mixture where the substances aren't equally distributed | Heterogeneous mixture |
| A mixture that is very consistent because everything is mixed up really evenly | Homogeneous mixture |
| A unit used to measure temperature | Kelvin |
| When many small atoms combine to form a larger one | Nuclear Fusion |
| Any reaction that involves a change in the nucleus of an atom | Nuclear reaction |
| When the nucleus of an atom breaks into many, smaller parts | Nuclear fission |
| When an atom has a nucleus unstable enough that it willl likely fall apart (decay) | Radioactive |
| When the concentration of an acid or base is determined by neutralizing it | Titration |
| A substance thats speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up by the reaction | Catalyst |
| When a big molecule breaks apart to make two or more smaller ones | Decomposition |
| A positively charged radioactive particle equivalent to a helium nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons) | Alpha Particle |
| When the foward rate of a chemical reaction is the same as the reverse rate. | Equilibrium |
| The tendency of the hydrogen atom stuck to a highly electronegative atom to become attracted to the lone pair electrons on another electronegative atom.An extremely strong intermolecular force | Hydrogen Bond |
| A law that states the amount of stuff after a chemical reaction takes place is the same as the amount of stuff you started with. | Law of conservation of mass |
| A comound that contains carbon (except carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and carbonates) | Organic Compound |
| A reacttion that is accompanied ny electrons going off one substance (oxidation) and onto another (reduction) | Redox reaction |
| The pressure of a substance that's present above it's liquid | Vapor pressure |
| The electrode in which reduction occurs. | Cathode |
| When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration | Diffusion |
| An organic molecule derived from an ammonia molecule where one or more of the hydrogen atoms has been has been replaced by organic groups | Amine |
| When a process gives off energy to it's surrondings | Exothermic |
| The H+ ion, made famous by acids | Hydronium Ion |
| The OH- ion, made famous by bases | Hydroxide ion |
| A law that states when you disturb an equilibrium (by adding more chemicals, by heating it up) it will eventually go back into equilibrium under a different set of conditions | Le Chatelier's Principle |
| The charge on an atom when it's in a compound | Oxidation Number |
| A reactionin which the products can turn back into the reactants | Reversible reaction |
| A substance with a high vapor pressure (due to low intermolecular forces) | Volatile |
| A law that states the volume of a gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the temperature. As you heat up a gas, the heat increases | Charles's Law |
| When you add more solvent to a soution to make it less concentrated | Dilution |
| Where electrons are lost by a substance | Anode |
| A nuclear reaction where a big atom breaks up into smaller ones. | Fission |
| A gas in which the particles are infinitely small, have a kinetic energy directly proportional to the temperature, travel in random straight lines, and don't attract or repel each other | Ideal Gas |
| A measurement of matter in an object | Mass |
| The pressure of one gas in a mixture | Partial Pressure |
| An ionic compound | Salt |
| Properties that can only be described by making a chemical change | Chemical Properties |
| High energy radiation given off during a nuclear process | Gamma Ray |
| When two substances don't dissolve in each other to any large degree | Immiscible |
| A unit of concentration equal to moles of solute divided by liters of solution. | Molarity |
| A law that states the properties of elements change with increasing | Periodic Law |
| When one unbonded element replaces another element that's already bonded in a compound | Single replacement |
| A compound that turns different colors at different pH values. | Indicator |
| A measurement of how much of a solute can dissolve in a liquid | Solubility |
| When something doesn't dissolve in solution to any large degree | Insoluble |
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