Flashcards
Cardiovascular examination
Cards in this deck (13)
- 1What should you look for on general expection under the categories "well or unwell", "bedside clues" and "syndromes"- Well or unwell: SOB or cough, pale or flushed, sweaty, obese or cachectic, anxious or distressed.
- Bedside clues: respirator or O2 mask, IV cannula, meds or glucomete on table, signs above bed eg diabetic
- Syndromes: Marfans, Downs, Turners, Acromegaly - 2What should you be looking for on the hands? "Nails + fingers" and "Palms and Dorsum"- Nails and Fingers: Clubbing, splinter heamorrhages, peripheral cyanosis, nicotine stains, oslers nodes, Janeway lesions
- Pals and Dorsum: Temperature, sweating, peripheral cyanosis, pallor in palmar creases and tendon xanthoma. - 3What vital signs should you check for?- BP (normal is 120/90)
- HR (normal is 60-100). also comment of character (strong/weak, regular/irregular) check pulse on both wrists at the same time (radio-radial delay).
- RR (normal is 12-20)
- Temp (normal is 37)
- O2 sats - 4What are you looking for on the arms?Tendon xanthoma, trackmarks, bruises and scars (CABG surgery).
- 5What are you looking for on the face? "Genral", "eyes" and "mouth".- General: apprehension/ pain (possible angina, AMI) and mitral facies.
- Eyes: anaemic conjunctiva, xanthelasma and jaundice.
-Mouth: central cyanosis, dry mucosa, high arched palate, poor dentition and petechia. - 6What are you looking for at the neck?- palpate carotid pulse on both sides (not at the same time)
- auscultate for bruit over carotids (use the bell and ask patient to hold their breath)
- measure JVP (patient turns head, measure the height from the sternal angle) - 7What are you looking for on inspection of the precardium?scars, skeletal abnormalities, pacemaker or cardiac defibrillator box, visible pulsations (apex beat).
- 8What do you palpate in the precardium?- Ask if tender
- pacemaker box
- apex beat: look for presence, deviation, character. Roll to left to palpate if you can't find it.
- parasternal heaves
- thrills (apex, base and left sternal edge) - 9What do you auscultate in the precardium?- mitral area (with bell and then diaphragm)
- tricuspid area
- pulmonary area
- aortic area - 10What do you look for on inspection of the back?- scars and deformities
- 11what else needs to be done on the back?-palpate for sacral oedema
- percuss the lung bases
- auscultate the lung bases - 12What needs to be done on the abdomen?- inspect: scars
- palpate: liver for hepatomegaly, spleen for splenomegaly and abdominal aorta.
- Percuss: liver, spleen and for ascites.
-auscultate: aorta and renal arteries for bruis. - 13- what needs to be done on the legs?- inspect: atrophic changes (hair loss, shiny skin, nail changes), ulcers, scars, colour of feet, ankle swelling (note the level of the oedema and if pitting or non-pitting), and rarely tendon xanthomata and toe clubbing.
- palpate: femoral pulse, popliteal pulse, posterior tibial pulse, dorsalis pedis pulse and capillary refill.
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- Medicine Flashcards on Cardiovascular examination, created by Ally Moore on 30/07/2017.
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- Ally Moore
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