Design, Prototyping, And Construction

Design, Prototyping, And Construction

1. Design

   • Conceptual
     • Concerned with developing a conceptual model that captures what the product will do and how it will behave
   • Concrete
     • Concerned with details of the design such as menu structures, haptic feedback, physical widgets, and graphics
   • The process may start from distinct situations
     • When starting from scratch
     • When modifying an existing product.

2. Prototyping

   • A prototype is one manifestation of a design that allows stakeholders to interact with it and to explore its suitability
     • It can be anything from a paper-based storyboard through to a complex piece of softwaree, and from a cardboard mockup to a molded or pressed piece of metal.
     • Are useful when discussing or evaluating ideas with stakeholders; they are a communication device among team members, and an effective way for designers to explore design ideas
       • A low-fidelity prototype does not look very much like the final product and does not provide the same functionality
         • Storyboarding.
         • Sketching
         • With index cards
         • Wizard of Oz
       • A high-fidelity prototype looks like the final product and/or provides more functionality than a low-fidelity prototype

3. Conceptual Design

   • It is concerned with transforming requirements into a conceptual model. Designing the conceptual model is fundamental to interaction design
     • A conceptual model is an outline of what people can do with a product and what concepts are needed to understand how to interact with it
       • -Which interface metaphors would be suitable to help users understand the product? -Which interaction type(s) would best support the users’ activities?
     • Key guiding principles of conceptual design are:
       • -Keep an open mind but never forget the users and their context. -Discuss ideas with other stakeholders as much as possible. -Use prototyping to get rapid feedback.
   • Using Scenarios
     • They are informal stories about user tasks and activities. They can be used to model existing work situations, but they are more commonly used for expressing proposed or imagined situations to help in conceptual design

4. Construction

   • As prototyping and building alternatives progresses, development will focus more on putting together components and developing the final product
     • Physical computing kits
       • How to build and code prototypes and devices using electronics: Creating physical artifacts and giving them behaviors through a combination of building with physical materials, computer programming and circuit building
     • Software development kits
       • Is a package of programming tools and components that supports the development of applications for a specific platform
         • Typically an SDK includes an IDE (integrated development environment), documentation, drivers, and sample programming code to illustrate how to use the SDK components. Some also include icons and buttons that can easily be incorporated into the design

5. Concrete Design

   • Designers need to balance the range of environmental, user, data, usability , and user experience requirements with functional requirements