Human intelligence

Human intelligence

1. consists of skills

   • learn from experience
     • adapt to new situations

2. Edward Thorndike

   • ability to think abstractly
     • ability to give good answers to questions

3. Adaptation to the environment is the key to understanding intelligence

   • variety of environments
   • have change in oneself
     • deal with the environment more effectively
   • series of cognitive processes
     • perception, learning, memory, reasoning and problem solving

4. selective combination

   • cognitive processes
     • leads to effective adaptation

5. psychometric theories

   • are based on the data obtained by mental skills tests
     • composite of skills
       • they measure
   • Charles Spearman
     • factorial analysis
   • Thurstone
     • seven mental abilities
   • Catell
     • mental abilities as hierarchical
   • Carroll
     • theory of the three strata

6. cognitive theories

   • mental representations
   • Sternberg
     • alternative approach
       • relationship between cognitive tasks and psychometric test results
   • Deary
     • Inspection time
       • useful for measuring intelligence

7. cognitive contextual

   • Gardner
     • multiple intelligences
   • Sternberg
     • three integrated aspects
       • Triarchic

8. biological theories

   • intelligence is only possible by biological bases