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The Connectors
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The Connectors
Connectors are words or groups of words whose main function is to establish some kind of relationship between the sentences that are part of a text
- help structure a written or spoken speech
- to give richness and fluency to your writings or speeches
- Copulative connectors
- And: y
- Not only… but also: no solo… sino también
- Not only… but… as well: no solo… sino…también
- No sooner… than: apenas…cuando
- Both… and: tanto… como
- Copulative connectors
- to give richness and fluency to your writings or speeches
- help structure a written or spoken speech
Circuit Breaker Connectors
- they serve to give one or several alternatives to the idea proposed by the previous sentence.
- Or: o
- Either… or: o… o
- Neither… nor: no… ni
- Wether… or: si… o
- Or else: o sino
- Otherwise: de otro modo
Conditional connectors
- they serve to express a condition
- Unless: a menos que
- In case: en caso de que
- Provided/providing/as long as: siempre que, mientras
- If/whether: si
Concessional Connectors
- they serve to express an objection to the main idea of the sentence.
- Although/though/even though: aunque
- Even if: incluso si
- Not even if: ni siquiera si
- Despite/in spite of: a pesar de
- Regardless of: sin importar
- they serve to express an objection to the main idea of the sentence.
Conclusive connectors
- they are used to conclude and / or circumstance to the event proposed in the main sentence
- Consequently: por lo tanto, en consecuencia
- So: entonces
- Thus: por lo tanto
- Therefore: por lo tanto
- Hence: de ahí
- they are used to conclude and / or circumstance to the event proposed in the main sentence
Continuous Connectors
- serve to add an event related to the main
- Then: entonces
- Moreover/furthermore/besides: además/ por otra parte/ para colmo
- In addition to: además de
- Not only… but also: no solo…sino que también/incluso
- What´s more: lo que es más
- Parallel that: paralelamente, junto a eso
- serve to add an event related to the main
Adversary connectors
- they serve to oppose a difficulty to the situation presented above
- Whereas/while: mientras que
- Instead: en su lugar, en lugar de ello
- On the contrary: por lo contrario
- Nor: ni
- On the other hand: por otro lado
- Notwithstanding: a pesar de que
- In other matters: por otro lado
- Yet/even so: aun así, sin embargo
- Still: sin embargo
- Nonetheless/nevertheless: sin embargo
- Whereas/while: mientras que
- But: pero
- However: sin embargo
- they serve to oppose a difficulty to the situation presented above
Causal connectors
- They are used to give a reason to a fact.
- Because of: debido a
- For: porque
- Due to/owing to: debido a
- As: puesto que
- For lack of: por falta de
- For: porque
- Because: porque
- Since: puesto que
- In order to: para/con tal de
- By means of: por medio de
- In order to: para/con tal de
- Since: puesto que
- Because of: debido a
- They are used to give a reason to a fact.
Comparative connectors
- they serve to, as the name implies, express a degree of equality or difference between two sentences
- Not as/so…as: no tan… como
- As if:/as though: como si
- Functional connectors
- they serve to express the cause or purpose of a sentence.
- So: entonces
- So that: para que
- So as not to: para no
- In order to: para
- So as to: para que/de manera que
- Sequencer connectors
- First/firstly: primero/en primer lugar
- Second/secondly: segundo/en segundo lugar
- Next/then: seguidamente/luego
- After/afterwards: después de/más tarde
- Finally/eventually: finalmente/al final
- Last but not least: por último, si bien no menos
- At the same time: al mismo tiempo
- Joined: sumado a
- Likewise: igualmete, al igual
- Nowadays: hoy en día
- Currently/at present/at the present time/now/these days: actualmente
- A long time ago: hace mucho tiempo
- In former times: en tiempos pasados
- In the old days: en los viejos tiempos
- Not long ago: hace poco tiempo
- Formerly: antiguamente
- In ancient times: en la antigüedad
- In former times: en tiempos pasados
- Last but not least: por último, si bien no menos
- Finally/eventually: finalmente/al final
- After/afterwards: después de/más tarde
- Next/then: seguidamente/luego
- Second/secondly: segundo/en segundo lugar
- First/firstly: primero/en primer lugar
- they serve to express the cause or purpose of a sentence.
- Functional connectors
- As: como
- As…as: tan…como
- Than: que
- they serve to, as the name implies, express a degree of equality or difference between two sentences
Connectors to give examples
- For example: por ejemplo
- For instance: por ejemplo
- Such as: tal como
- Like: como
- Apart from: aparte de
- Connectors to generalize
- In general: en genera
- Mostly: prácticamente/ normalmente/ mayoritariamente
- Connectors to conclude
- In conclusion: en conclusion
- To sum up: para resumir
- In short: en resumen
- On the whole: en general
- In brief: en resumen
- All in all: en suma, en definitive, después de todo
- Positive and negative connectors
- Happily: afortunadamente/por fortuna
- Unfortunately: desafortunadamente/desgraciadamente
- Sadly: desafortunadamente/desgraciadamente/tristemente
- Fortunately: afortunadamente
- Connectors to declare certainties
- Obviously: obviamente/evidentemente
- Apparently: claramente/aparentemente/al parecer
- Surely: seguramente
- Undoubtedly: indudablemente
- Indeed: verdaderamente/en realidad/en efecto
- Possibly: posiblemente
- Connectors to clarify
- i.e. (id est): es decir
- In other words: en otras palabras
- That is to say: es decir
- Connectors to emphasize
- definetely: en efecto/ definitivamente
- obviously: obviamente
- above all: sobre todo
- actually: de hecho
- as a matter of fact: por cierto/ de hecho
- indeed: es más
- in fact: de hecho
BRAYANT STICK SANCHEZ BOLAÑOS ID: 626068 AGOSTO 2019
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- Mind Map on The Connectors, created by Brayant Stick SANCHEZ BOLANOS on 15/08/2019.
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- Brayant Stick SANCHEZ BOLANOS
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