language learning contexts

language learning contexts

1. naturalistic contexts: the person is exposed to a new language after moving to another environment

   • causes:
     • immigration: The person is forced to move to another environment. It is accompained by several challenges, adult people is exposed to short periods of time in language classes and the identity and age of the learner have great influence.
     • Study abroad: The person moves to another city to study. The interactions with the local culture motivates people to learn the language, they develop oral communication skills.

2. Instructed learning: The exposure time to the target language is resticted in the context of a language classroom.

   • Types of instructed learning situations
     • Traditional classroom instruction: Classroom leaning in schools setting or in adults education is tipically limited in terms of time and expossure.
     • Bilingual education (schooling in two languages): It refers to a bilingual academic program. Students are exposed to their native language and at the same time receive instruction in English.
     • Immersion instruction: School subjects are conducted in the target language, students who early start this program generally reach levels of proficiency in the target language.
     • Dual language instruction: It is a dual language immersion, language of instruction varies between two languages, allow children to learn from each other.
     • Heritage language instruction: Learners acquire the language at home, where a dominant language in the larger society is not exclusively spoken, there is a particular family relevance to the learner.