Conditionals

Conditionals

1. Zero conditional

   • If + present simple, present simple
     • If you add two and two, you get four.
   • The zero conditional is a type of conditional that is used to express a cause-effect relationship in facts that are always true or to give instructions.

2. First conditional

   • It refers to situations that we consider highly probable
     • If + present simple, will + infinitive
       • If it rains later, we will stay at home.

3. Second conditional

   • The second conditional is used to talk about things that we don't really think are going to happen or that we consider very unlikely.
     • If + past simple, would + infinitive
       • If I won the lottery, I would buy a mansion.

4. Third conditional

   • It refers to past circumstances, so it talks about how things would have been if some condition had been met
     • (if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)
       • If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.

5. Mixed Conditional

   • First mixed conditional:
     • It is used to talk about an unreal condition in the past and its possible current result.
       • If + past perfect, present conditional
         • If I​ hadn't eaten ​so much, I ​wouldn't have​ stomachache
   • Second mixed conditional
     • It is used to talk about an unreal condition in the present and its possible unreal result in the past.
       • IF + SIMPLE PAST , perfect conditional
         • If I ​were​ the president of the company, I ​would have built a new building some years ago.