Atlantic forest

Atlantic forest

1. Characteristics of the Atlantic Forest :

   • The Atlantic Forest is a biome composed of a set of forests and ecosystems that corresponds to 15% of the Brazilian territory.
   • Since 1500, this area has been suffering from deforestation, fires and environmental degradation.
     • Vinicius Gabriel 8º B
   • That is why, currently, the vegetation corresponds to only 7% of the original forest, with medium and large trees, constituting a dense and closed forest.

2. Fauna:

   • In the same way, the fauna is very rich. According to studies carried out, the Atlantic Forest is home to 849 species of birds, 370 species of amphibians, 200 species of reptiles, 270 species of mammals and about 350 species of fish.

3. Temperature:

   • The average annual temperature on the coast is 22 ° C, decreasing to 11 ° C in 2,000 meters and reaching negative values ​​at the peak of Agulhas Negras (Itatiaia), 2,800 m high. Average annual rainfall at sea level is 1,600 mm with two extremes, 2,500 mm in Ubatuba and 1,200 mm in Rio de Janeiro.

4. Name origin:

   • The Atlantic Forest gets its name because it is located in the area closest to the Atlantic Ocean.

5. Flora:

   • According to data from the Ministry of the Environment, in the Atlantic Forest there are approximately 20,000 plant species corresponding to more than 35% of the existing species in Brazil.
   • Studies point to a great diversity of trees per hectare, greater than that found in the Peruvian Amazon. This may represent the greatest diversity of trees per unit area in the world!
   • According to current research, 200 Brazilian plant species are threatened with extinction, 117 of which belong to this biome.

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