SLA THEORIES

SLA THEORIES

1. Bill Van Patten

   • Universal Grammar
     • Innate
     • Exposure to the language
       • Principles / Abstract
       • Parameters / Particular
     • All humans possess
   • Skill Acquisition
     • Progresive transition
       • L2 Effortful use
       • L2 Automatic use
   • Declarative / Procedural model
     • Declarative memory
       • Consciously
     • Procedural memory
       • Unconscious
     • Predicting techniques
     • Extented learning circumstances
     • Learning, storage, and use
   • Input Processing
     • L2 learners process
       • Form - Meaning
       • Syntactic structures
   • Interaction
     • Target language
       • Comprehensible
       • Effectiveness
       • Negotiation of meaning
   • Processability Theory
     • Computational routines
       • Influence linguistic knowledge
       • Predict developmental progress
   • Concept-Oriented approach
     • Language
       • Morphological stage
       • Lexical stage
       • Scaffolding
   • Sociocultural Theory
     • People - Language
     • Culture - Interaction
   • Complexity Theory
     • Adaptive system
       • Environments
         • Internal and external

2. Behaviorism

   • Skinner
     • Operant Conditioning
       • Teaching Method
         • Audiolingualism
           • Dialogues and Drills
             • From teacher or audio tape
         • Selective reinforcement
         • Immediate corrections
       • Process of Acquisition
         • Modeling
         • Imitation
         • Practice
         • Repetition
     • Language
       • Structured by grammatical complexity

3. Innatism

   • Chomsky
     • Language acquisition device (LAD)
       • Process of Acquisition
         • Child's syntax
           • Naturally
             • Equipped with biological LAD
         • Creative construction
           • Syntactic rules using LAD
       • Teaching Method
         • Language
           • Natural from the teacher, classmates and books
           • Unstructured
         • Silent period expected
         • Errors are not corrected
         • Students will correct themselves

4. Interactionism

   • Vigotsky
     • Social construction
       • Process of Acquisition
         • Natural impulse to communicate
         • Errors require explicit corrective instruction
       • Teaching Method
         • Conversations and speech
           • Collaborative
           • No pressure to speak
     • Language
       • Emerges from communication
         • Natural
         • Unstructure
         • Acts scaffolded

5. Cognitivism

   • Stephen Krashen
     • Mental process
       • Storage and production
       • Speech and writing
       • Process of Acquistion
         • Gradual development
           • Levels
         • Ability - Interaction
           • Exposed to imput
           • Comprehensible
         • Controlled environment
           • Inmersion
       • Constructive
     • Teaching Method
       • Focus on meaning and communication
         • Conscious learning
           • Natural order
         • Apply the knowledge
           • Fluency
       • Not on grammatical forms

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