univariate measures-statistics Marina

univariate measures-statistics Marina

1. Measures of central tendency

   • Measures of central tendency are data that report the center around which a set of data is located; These are mainly used to summarize information.
     • Measures of central tendency are essential in statistical analysis to identify the value that represents the center of a data set.

2. Main measures of central tendency

   • Average or mean
     • This data is widely used in statistics. It is the amount obtained by adding all the data of a set of values ​​and then dividing the figure obtained by the number of values ​​analyzed. The result is expressed in the same unit as the original data: meters, liters, grams, hours, etc.
       • Example: To obtain the average of the set of numbers 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, all the figures 2+4+7+8+9=30 must be added. The result must be divided by 5, which corresponds to the number of values ​​recorded 30/5=6. The average is 6.
         • Marina Calderon 1004278588
   • Median
     • It is the statistical data that occupies the central position in a set of data when these are organized in order of magnitude, leaving the same number of values ​​on one side and the other.
       • Median for odd data. Obtaining the median with an odd amount of data is very simple. First, all figures must be arranged in ascending order before locating the center of the set. The median will be the number that is exactly in the middle, such that the number of data located to the right and left of the median will be exactly the same. Example: In the already ordered data set of the numbers 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 13, 15, the median will be 8, since it divides the set into two equal parts.
         • Median for even data. In this case the data is a little more laborious to obtain. Once again, it is necessary to order the data from smallest to largest and take into consideration the two data that remain in the center of the set. The median is obtained by taking the average of the two central values. Example: In the set of numbers 1, 3, 6, 8, 9, 11, the central values ​​6 and 8 are taken to make the calculation. The result is obtained with the following operation (6+8)/2=7. The median in this exercise is equal to 7.
   • Mode
     • The mode is the variable that is most repeated in a data set or population sample. A sample can have more than one mode. There is no specific way to obtain this information, it is only necessary to verify which is the most repeated result. Example: If you want to know which is the favorite color in a group of ten students, you need to ask this information to each student. If four children answer blue, two say pink, two say green and the last one says yellow, the trend will be blue. This is the most repeated data. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

3. Measures of central tendency are statistical parameters that indicate the center of a set of data or samples.

4. What are measures of central tendency used for?

   • Summarize the information.
   • To know the average or typical element of a group.
   • To compare and interpret the results obtained when analyzing a collection of observed values.
   • To study the behavior of the same variable on different occasions.
   • Compare the results with other statistical or population groups. To order data systematically.
   • To give credibility to a piece of information, as they provide averages or biases in the data collected.

Images and files in the map