Abdominal examination

Abdominal examination

1. inspection

   • abdominal contour
     • normal
     • scaphoid
       • dehydration
       • marked wasting due to carcinoma
       • TB peritonitis
     • distended
       • localized
         • left hypochondrium
           • huge spleen
         • right hypochondrium
           • large liver or gallbladder
         • epigasttrium
           • large left lobe of liver
           • stomach tumor
           • pancreatic cyst
           • para-aortic lymphoma
         • lumbar regions
           • huge hydronephrosis
           • perinephric abcess
         • hypogastrium
           • pregnancy
           • distended bladder
       • Generalized
         • fluid:ascitis
         • fetus
         • fat
         • flatus
         • faecal mass
         • full U B
     • localized bulge
   • flanks
     • full in ascitis
   • subcostal angle
     • right angle :normal
     • obtuse angle
       • emphysema
       • enlarged liver or spleen
     • narrow angle
       • pigoen chest
       • flat chest
       • viscero-ptosis
   • supra pubic region
   • abdominal surface
     • skin pigmentation
     • scars
     • striae
     • dilated superficial veins
     • ulcers,fistula or hernia
     • hair distribution

2. palpation