knee problems

knee problems

1. ACL injury

   • MOI NONcontact: standing with knee extended and tibia is IR with audible pop
   • MOI NONCONTACT: forceful hyperextension of the knee
     • kicking
   • NONCONTACT: deceleration
     • Swing phase=weak hamstring
   • NONCONTACT: Foot planted with Tibia in ER
   • special test
     • lachman test
     • Anterior drawer's test
     • posterior sag sign
     • posterior drawer sign

2. PCL injury

   • forceful blow to anterior tibia while knee is flexed
   • fall on flexed knee with foot in PF
   • sudden violent hyperflexion of knee joint
   • special test
     • posterior drawer sign
     • posterior sag sign
     • Godfrey's test

3. medial collateral ligament injury

   • valgus force placed across medial joint line of the knee
   • special test
     • McMurray's test
     • Apley's test
     • bounce home test

4. medial meniscus injury

   • may occur when the foot is fixed and tibia is in IR
   • special test: Apley's test