Inorganic chemistry-A+M structure

Inorganic chemistry-A+M structure

1. Wave-particle duality

   • Electromagnetic radiation
     • Energy form
     • Quantisied-photoelectric effect
     • Act as a particle and a wave
   • E=hv
     • v=frequency
     • h=plank's constant
     • E=hc/ lamda
       • Lamba=wavelength
       • c=max speed in vacuum
       • shows energy have wavelength and fequency
   • Young's double split experiment
     • same interference pattern
   • Photoelectric effect
     • Ephoton=Eremove electron+Ke emitted by electron
       • Increased c=increased electron
     • Broglie hypothesis
       • Lambda=h/p
         • p=momentum

2. Schrodinger equation

   • Produces wave function of electron
     • wavefunction=f(x,y,z)
     • wavefunction^2=probability f finding electron in space
       • plot=electron probability map
   • Conditions of equations
     • 1.Normalised
       • sum=1
     • 2.Continuous
       • No gaps in line graph
     • 3.Finite
     • 4.Single valued function
       • 1 probability at each point
     • Eigen function-obeys all conditions
   • Polar Co-ordinate systems
     • r=radial co-ordinate
       • size
         • (n-4) for f orbital
       • decays exponentially moving away from nucleus
         • rate of decay decreases as n increases
       • n-1 nodes for s orbital
       • 4Pi^2R(r)
       • (n-2) for p orbital
       • (n-3) for d orbital
     • angular co-ordiantes
       • shape
       • >95% chance of finding an electron
   • 2 solutions
   • 3 quantum numbers
     • Radial wave function
       • n
         • 1<n<infinity
     • Angular function
       • l
         • 0-(n-1)
         • s=0
         • p=1
         • d=2
         • f=3
     • Magnetic quantum number
       • Ml
       • direction of orbital
         • +l to -l
     • 4.spin?
       • +1/2 and -1/2

3. orbitals

   • orbital classification
     • n+l
   • shell classification
     • n
   • Orbital energy=energy of initial state(0)-nucleus energy+electron in orbital
     • -ve
       • More-ve=more stable
   • Particular shell classification
     • n+l+ml
   • S
     • 1 orbital
     • l=0
     • spherical
     • ml=0
   • P
     • 3 orbitals
       • px
       • py
       • pz
     • Biphasic
     • Non-centrosymmetric
     • l+1
     • ml=+1,0,-1
   • d orbitals
     • 5 orbitals
       • dz^2,dx^2-y^2,dxy,dxz,dyz
     • l=2
     • centrosymmetric
     • ml:+2,+1,0,-1,-2
   • f orbitals
     • 7 orbitals
     • l=3
   • Electron spin
     • +1/2 or -1/2
     • ms

4. Hydrogen systems

   • Need this system for schrodinger equation
   • 1 electron and 1 proton
   • E=K/n^2
   • occupy lowest ground state

5. Multi-electron atoms

Images and files in the map