122895
Description
Mind Map by harry_bygraves, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by harry_bygraves
almost 11 years ago
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Influence of childhood
attachments on adult relationships
- Bowlby; Internal working model - emphasises how important the relationship
between an infant and their primary care giver (PCG) is. The infant learn the rules
and expectations of how to act and what to expect in relationships from the way that
the PCG interacts and threats the infant. If the PCG offers sensitive emotional care to
the infant they are likely to have learnt good relationship rules and expectations. If the
PCG offers poor care the infant will learn poor relationship rules and expectations
- Bowlby also describes that these rules and
expectations will form the basis of all other relationships
for ever; this is called the continutity hypothesis. A child
with a good attachement at age 1 will show strong
confident attachments when they are an adult. If bowlby
is correct then we would expect to see an influence of
childhood on adult romantic relationships
- Ainsworth; identified that there were three main attachment
types; Sucure, insecure avoidant, insecure resistant
- Bowlbys continuity hypothesis states that securely attached children
should grow up into a securely attached adult and insecurely attached
children should grow up into insecurely attached adults
- Sroufe et al. (longtitudinal) observed children from the age of 1 to 20.
Found that those securely attached when children had grown up to be
confident and socialable adults. Those who were insecurely attached
infants grew up to be anti-social, shy, and often found it hard to relate to
others. This suggests childhood attachments do indeed influence adult
romantic relationships and that bowlbys continuity hypothesis is correct
- Hazan and Shaver; participants were recruited through an advert in a newspaper. Participants completed two questionaires;
the first focused on the type of attachment they had as a child and the second focused on the romantic relationships they had
as an adult. The results showed that adults who had been securely attached infants found it easier to hey closer to others.
They also did not worry about being abandoned or getting 'too close'. Adults who had been insecure-avoidant children were
uncompfortable getting close to others, found it difficult to to be intimate with partners. Adults who reported they had been
insecure-resistant infants were reluctant to get close to to others. They were also worried their partners would leave. They
also sometimes wanted to get far too close to others whih had scared partners away
- Brennan and Shaver; Found that adults who were
avoidant as children were much more likely to engage
in uninhibited sexual encounters, e.g. one night stands
- Rutter et al. Found that individuals who had not been able to
establish secure attachments to their parents went on to
establish secure adult relationships. Suggesting that attachment
in childhood does not predict the attachment of an adult
- Idea is deterministic and ignores the role that free will
plays in human behaviour
- Idea is reductionist as it suggests that there is only one factor that results in adult
relationships. There is research to show attachment style can change
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