obesity

obesity

BMI
prevalence
types
causes
1. psychological
  1. binge eating disorder
    1. recurrent episodes of uncontrolled over-eating
2. genetic susceptibility
3. sedentary lifestyle
4. culture
5. drugs
  1. antipsychotics
  2. steroids
  3. antidepressants
6. smoking cessation
complications and risk factors
1. respiratory system
  1. sleep apnea
  2. asthma
2. cardiovascular system
  1. MI
  2. high cholesterol
  3. palpitations
  4. hypertension
  5. peripheral vascular disease
  6. stroke
3. digestive system
  1. gerd
  2. gallstones
  3. eating disorders
  4. non alcoholic fatty liver disease
4. reproductive system
  1. low libido
  2. polycystic ovary syndrome
  3. menstrual problems
  4. infertility
5. endocrine system
  1. pancreatitis
  2. fatty pancreas
6. musculoskeletal system
  1. osteoarthritis in weight bearing joints
7. immune system
  1. higher risk of infections
high food intake and low expenditure
1. hunger
  1. craving for food (need)
  2. neuronal control
    1. feeding center
      1. lateral nuclei of hypothalamus
      2. dorso medial nucleus
    2. satiety center
      1. ventro medial nuclei of hypothalamus
      2. para ventricular nucleus
  3. hormones involved
non alcoholic fatty liver disease
1. liver anatomy
2. physiology of the liver
  1. Bile production
  2. Storage of iron, vitamins and trace elements
  3. detoxification
  4. conversion of waste products for excretion by the kidneys
  5. fat metabolism
    1. three stages of synthesis
      1. 1 Transport of acetyl COA into cytosol
      2. 2 Carboxylation of acetyl COA
      3. 3 Assembly of FA chain ( Elongation
  6. carbohydrate metabolism
  7. protein metabolism
3. investigations
  1. Complete blood count
  2. Liver enzyme and liver function tests
  3. Celiac disease screening test
  4. Fasting blood sugar
  5. lipid profile
4. diagnosis of exclusion
treatment
1. psychological
  1. psychoeducation
2. diet
  1. Vegetarian diets
  2. Semi-vegetarian diets
  3. Low-calorie diets
  4. Very low calorie diets
  5. Low-carbohydrate diets
  6. Low-fat diets
3. pharmacological
  1. phentermine /topiramate
  2. liraglutide
  3. orlistat
  4. lorcaserin
4. surgery
  1. gastric banding surgery
  2. gastric bypass
  3. sleeve gastrectomy
  4. gastric injection

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	Created by Rama Ibrahim almost 8 years ago