Hip Joint

Hip Joint

1. Ball & socket joint

   • articulation
     • ball
       • head of femur
     • socket
       • acetabular fossa

2. Capsule

   • medial attachment
     • acetabular labrum
   • lateral attachment
     • intertrocheteric line (in front)
     • halfway to the neck of femur (post.)

3. ligaments

   • illiofemoral lig.
   • pubofemoral lig.
   • ischiofemoral lig.
   • ligamentum teres femoris

4. Blood supply

   • head of femur
     • lat. circumflex femoral artery
     • med. circumflex femoral artery
     • *sup. retinacular artery (main supply)
     • artery in ligamentum teres
     • sup. & inf. gluteal artery
   • joint
     • obturator artery
     • lat. & med. circumflex artery
     • sup. & inf. gluteal artery

5. Nerve Supply

   • femoral nerve
   • sciatic nerve
   • obturator nerve
   • sup. gluteal nerve
   • nerve to quadratus femoris

6. Relations

   • anterior
     • iliopsoas
     • pectineus
     • rectus femoris
   • posterior
     • gamellus inf. & sup.
     • obturator internus
     • quadratus femoris
     • sciatic nerve
   • superior
     • gluteus minimus
     • piriformis
   • anterior
     • obturator externus

7. movements (refer table)

8. stability

   • ball and socket arrangement of the bony articular surface
   • strong ligaments

9. clinical correlation

   • trendelenburg's sign
   • traumatic dislocation of hip joint
   • fracture neck of the femur
   • congenital dislocation of hip joint
   • normal radiograph of hip joint
     • shenton's line