Pancreatitis

Description

Mind Map on Pancreatitis, created by hamda ali on 11/03/2018.
hamda ali
Mind Map by hamda ali, updated more than 1 year ago
hamda ali
Created by hamda ali about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Pancreatitis
  1. Causes of Acute Abdomen
    1. Perforating Gastric/Duodenal Ulcer
      1. Intestinal Obstruction
        1. Ischemic bowel disease
          1. Acute Appendicitis
            1. Acute Cholecystitis & Gallstones
              1. Acute Pancreatitis
                1. Peritonitis
                  1. Aortic Dissection
                    1. Ectopic Pregnancy
                    2. Anatomy of the pancreas
                      1. Histology
                        1. Acute
                          1. Clinical findings
                            1. Mid epigastric pain radiating to the back
                              1. Pain elevated when leaning forward
                              2. Acute abdomen
                                1. Fever
                                  1. Nausea and vomiting
                                    1. Hypovolemic shock
                                      1. Grey turner sign
                                        1. Cullen's sign
                                        2. Pathogenesis
                                          1. It is mainly caused by alcohol and gall stones
                                            1. Must be activation of proenzymes
                                              1. Mechanism of activation
                                                1. Obstruction of the main pancreatic duct or terminal CBD
                                                  1. Alcohol
                                                    1. gallstones
                                                    2. Chemical injury of acinar cells
                                                      1. Ex: Thiazide
                                                      2. Infectious injury of acinar cells
                                                        1. CMV
                                                          1. Mumps
                                                          2. mechanical injury to acinar cells
                                                            1. trauma
                                                            2. metabolic activation of the enzymes
                                                              1. hypercalcemia
                                                                1. ischemia
                                                                  1. shock
                                                                    1. Trypsin activates
                                                                      1. proteases
                                                                        1. damage acinar cell structure
                                                                        2. lipases
                                                                          1. produce fat necrosis
                                                                          2. elastases
                                                                            1. damage blood vessels and cause hemorrhage
                                                                2. Chronic
                                                                  1. clinical findings
                                                                    1. Sever pain radiating to the back
                                                                      1. Type 1 diabetes Mellitus
                                                                        1. Malabsorption
                                                                        2. Pathogenesis
                                                                          1. Majority are idiopathic
                                                                            1. Known causes
                                                                              1. Alcohol
                                                                                1. Cystic fibrosis
                                                                                  1. Malnutrition
                                                                                    1. Autoimmune
                                                                                    2. Repeted attacks of acute pancreatitis produce duct obstruction
                                                                                      1. Calcified concentrations occur as well as dilation of the duct
                                                                                    3. happens in males more than females
                                                                                    4. Investigation
                                                                                      1. Blood tests
                                                                                        1. Amylase
                                                                                          1. Lipase
                                                                                            1. Glycoprotein 2
                                                                                            2. Imagining Studies
                                                                                              1. Abdominal ultrasound
                                                                                                1. Endoscopic ultrasound
                                                                                                  1. Computed tomography of abdomen with contrast
                                                                                                    1. MRCP
                                                                                                      1. ERCP
                                                                                                      2. Tests for Severity and Prognosis
                                                                                                        1. C-reactive protein (CRP) 48 hours after symptom onset
                                                                                                          1. liver function tests
                                                                                                            1. Calcium
                                                                                                              1. CBC
                                                                                                                1. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
                                                                                                                2. Glasgow criteria
                                                                                                                3. Complications
                                                                                                                  1. Shock
                                                                                                                    1. ARDS
                                                                                                                      1. DIC
                                                                                                                        1. Pancreatic pseudocyst
                                                                                                                          1. Pancreatic abcess
                                                                                                                            1. Infections
                                                                                                                            Show full summary Hide full summary

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