Waves

Waves

1. Longitudinal

   • Longitudinal waves are wave in which the vibrations of the particles or medium in which the wave travels are in the same direction as to that in which the wave travels.
   • The wavelength of a longitudinal wave is the distance between successive compressions or the distance between successive rarefactions
   • The amplitude is the maximum distance the vibrating particle travels from its undisturbed distance.
   • An example of longitudinal waves are sound waves

2. Transverse

   • Transverse waves are wave in which the vibrations of the particles or medium in which the wave travels are at right angles to the direction in which the wave travels.
   • Water waves are an example of transverse waves
   • Transverse waves consist of high parts or peaks called crests and low parts called troughs
   • The height of the crest from the undisturbed water position or the depth of the trough from the undisturbed water position is the amplitude of the wave.
   • The distance between two successive crests or two successive troughs is the wavelength for a transverse wave.
   • Looks like a repeated 'S'

3. Equation for waves

   • Wave speed (m/s) = Frequency (Hz) + Wavelength (m)

4. Frequency of waves

   • The frequency of a wave is a measure of the number of waves made by a source each second, or the number of waves that pass through a particular point in the medium each second. Frequency is measured in units called Hertz (Hz) which is the number of number of wave cycles per second.
   • When the frequency decrease, The wave length increases