Animal behaviour Dev and Reg

Animal behaviour Dev and Reg

1. Classical Conditoning

   • Pavlov
   • Defined: Learning by association
     • The unconditionned stimulus is contingent on conditioned stimuli
       • Involuntary behaviour like reflex

2. Operant Learning

   • Skinner
   • Defined: Learning by consequences
     • A behaviour is strengthened or weakened by consequences
       • Thorndike: Puzzle box
         • Discrete trail procedure: pioneered by Thorndike
           • The behaviour ends the trial
       • Skinner: experimental chamber
         • Free Operant Procedure: Skinner
           • Behaviour repeated a number of times measuring the amount of behaviour per minute

3. Reinforcement

   • Consequences for a behaviour that increases its strength
     • Primary reinforcer
       • Naturally reinforcing: Not dependent on others
     • Secondary reinforcer
       • Depends on associaton with other reinforcers
   • Variables that effect reinforcement
     • Contuguity
       • The gap between a behaviour and its reinforcing consequence
     • Preferred reinforcers
       • can improve effetiveness if used prefferred reinforcers
     • Deprevation level
       • The effectiveness of food and water as reinforcers will vary with how much they are deprived of them
     • Continguency
       • The degree of correlation between a behavior and its consequence
     • Extinction burst
       • An abrupt increase in the behaviour following extinction
     • Resurgance
       • The reappearance of previously reinforced behaviour
     • Spontaneous recovery
       • When an extincted behaviour suddenly reappears
   • Diferential reinforcement
     • Use of extinction in combo with other forms of reinforcement
   • Schedules of reinforcement
   • Positive reinforcement theories
     • Premack
     • Response deprevation theory
     • Hulls drive theory