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Heartburn

Description

Mind Map on Heartburn, created by Humaid AlTaheri on 03/02/2019.
Humaid AlTaheri
Mind Map by Humaid AlTaheri, updated more than 1 year ago More Less
mahmoud eladl
Created by mahmoud eladl almost 8 years ago
Humaid AlTaheri
Copied by Humaid AlTaheri almost 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Heartburn
  1. Anatomy
    1. Esophagus
      1. Stomach
      2. Swallowing
        1. phases:
          1. 1-Voluntary phase
            1. 2-Pharyngeal phase
              1. 3-esophageal phase
            2. Gastric Acid Secretion
              2. Differential Diagnosis of dysphagia
                1. Oropharyngeal dysphagia
                  1. Esophageal Dysphagia
                    1. Neuromuscular disorders
                      1. Achalasia
                      2. Mediastinal Masses
                        1. Lymphadenophathy
                        2. GERD
                          1. Causes
                            1. LES decreased tone
                              1. Hiatal Hernia
                              2. DIAGNOSIS
                                1. Upper endoscopy
                                  1. X-ray
                                  2. Risk Factors
                                    1. Obesity
                                      1. Peptic Ulcer
                                        1. Bad diet
                                          1. Cigarette smoking
                                            1. Aging
                                              1. Alcohol
                                                1. Increased histamine release
                                                2. signs and symptoms
                                                  1. heartburn
                                                    1. Chest pain
                                                      1. Difficulty swallowing
                                                        1. Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
                                                          1. Sensation of a lump in your throat
                                                          2. Complications
                                                            1. bleeding
                                                              1. strictures
                                                                1. perforation
                                                                  1. barret esophagus
                                                                    1. Definition: metaplastic replacement of the normal squamous epithelium of the lower oesophagus by columnar epithelium.
                                                                  2. Management
                                                                    1. Lifestyle modifications
                                                                      1. Elevation of bed head
                                                                        1. Weight loss
                                                                          1. Small frequent meals
                                                                            1. No eating 3 hrs before sleeping
                                                                            2. Medical Treatment
                                                                              1. H2 Receptor antagonists
                                                                                1. Proton Pump inhibitors
                                                                        2. Helicobacter Pylori
                                                                          1. it causes
                                                                            1. gastritis
                                                                              1. peptic ulcers
                                                                                1. stomach cancer
                                                                                2. Signs and Symptoms
                                                                                  1. Abdominal pain
                                                                                    1. Nausea
                                                                                      1. Loss of appetite
                                                                                        1. Bloating
                                                                                        2. Risk Factors
                                                                                          1. Living without a reliable supply of clean water
                                                                                            1. Living with someone who has an H. pylori infection
                                                                                            2. Diagnosis
                                                                                              1. Urea breath test
                                                                                                1. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
                                                                                                2. Treatment
                                                                                                  1. Triple Therapy
                                                                                                3. Neoplasms of the Esophagus
                                                                                                  1. SSC
                                                                                                    1. Adenocarcenoma
                                                                                                      1. Intestinal type
                                                                                                        1. Diffuse type
                                                                                                        2. Gastric polyps
                                                                                                          1. Gastric lymphoma

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