1826063
Description
Mind Map by Tayyaba Husain, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Tayyaba Husain
over 9 years ago
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PSYA3- Biological Rhythms & Sleep (AO1)
- Ultradian Rhythm
- Spans less than a day and occurs more
than once a day e.g. sleep stages, eating
- Sleep Stages: 90 min cycle
- 1) Lasts approx 15 mins. Reduced light ^ melatonin - inhibits
wakefulness. EEG measurements indicate relaxations, reduced
heart rate.
- 2) Lasts approx 20 mins. First point- truly
sound asleep. EEG measurements indicate
larger slower brain waves.
- 3) Lasts 15 mins. EEG activity is characterised
by long slow- delta waves with sleep spindles.
- 4) Lasts 30 mins approx. Slow - wave sleep- long slow waves
of EEG. The EOG & EMG show very little activity.
- 5) Lasts approx 10 mins- first cycle -builds up to an
hour by 4th/5th cycle. EEG activity is characterised by
beta waves- relaxed waking state linked to dreaming.
- 5) Lasts approx 10 mins- first cycle -builds up to an
hour by 4th/5th cycle. EEG activity is characterised by
beta waves- relaxed waking state linked to dreaming.
- 4) Lasts 30 mins approx. Slow - wave sleep- long slow waves
of EEG. The EOG & EMG show very little activity.
- 3) Lasts 15 mins. EEG activity is characterised
by long slow- delta waves with sleep spindles.
- 2) Lasts approx 20 mins. First point- truly
sound asleep. EEG measurements indicate
larger slower brain waves.
- 1) Lasts approx 15 mins. Reduced light ^ melatonin - inhibits
wakefulness. EEG measurements indicate relaxations, reduced
heart rate.
- Sleep Stages: 90 min cycle
- Spans less than a day and occurs more
than once a day e.g. sleep stages, eating
- Circadian Rhythm
- Lasts about 24 hours e.g. Sleep wake cycle, Body temp
- 1) Humans and mammals have an
endogenous pacemakers - internal
biological - suprachiasmatic nucleus
(SCN) -lies in the hypothalamus -lies
above optic nerve.
- 2) SCN sends signals to pineal
gland-increase production melatonin at
night- Melatonin induces sleep
inhibiting brain mechanisms that
promote wakefulness
- 2) SCN sends signals to pineal
gland-increase production melatonin at
night- Melatonin induces sleep
inhibiting brain mechanisms that
promote wakefulness
- Lasts about 24 hours e.g. Sleep wake cycle, Body temp
- Infradian Rhythm
- Occurs for a period more than one
day but less than one year e.g. Female
Menstrual Cycle- lasts approx 28 days
- Female Menstrual Cycle (AO1)
- Driven by fluctuating hormone
levels. Research suggests - pituitary
gland releases hormones which
stimulate follicle in 1 ovary to ripen
egg- release oestrogen
- Driven by fluctuating hormone
levels. Research suggests - pituitary
gland releases hormones which
stimulate follicle in 1 ovary to ripen
egg- release oestrogen
- SAD (AO1)
- Infradian rhythms do not have to
monthly- can occur once a yr. SAD can
occur e.g. during winter months and
people recover in the summer.
- Research shows- melatonin secreted -pineal gland =
dark ; more darkness - the more melatonin. Research
also shown- melatonin related to chronic depression.
But SAD may be due- disruption to circadian rhythm
e.g. go to bed earlier wake up later in dark
- Research shows- melatonin secreted -pineal gland =
dark ; more darkness - the more melatonin. Research
also shown- melatonin related to chronic depression.
But SAD may be due- disruption to circadian rhythm
e.g. go to bed earlier wake up later in dark
- Infradian rhythms do not have to
monthly- can occur once a yr. SAD can
occur e.g. during winter months and
people recover in the summer.
- Female Menstrual Cycle (AO1)
- Occurs for a period more than one
day but less than one year e.g. Female
Menstrual Cycle- lasts approx 28 days
- Circannual Rhythm
- Occurs or fluctuates at
intervals of approx one year
e.g. Migration of birds
- Occurs or fluctuates at
intervals of approx one year
e.g. Migration of birds
- What controls Biological Rhythms?
- Endogenous Pacemakers- Regulate your rhythms inside your body
- Exogenous Zeitgebers- Regulate your behaviour outside your body
- Endogenous Pacemakers- Regulate your rhythms inside your body
- Disruption of biological rhythms
- Shift Work
- - Decreased alertness - sleep deprivation -
effects on health
- - Decreased alertness - sleep deprivation -
effects on health
- Jet Lag
- Erroneous decision making - hard to
make decisions due to jet lag.
- Less difficulty - travelling east to west (phase delay)
- More difficulty to adjust West to East (Phase Advance)
- Erroneous decision making - hard to
make decisions due to jet lag.
- Real life applications: IDA
- Chernobyl, Exxon Valdez oil tanker grounding, space shuttle challenger
- Chernobyl, Exxon Valdez oil tanker grounding, space shuttle challenger
- Shift Work
- Lifespan changes in sleep
- Functions of sleep
- Sleep Disorders
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