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Chemistry 2

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Chemistry Mind Map on Chemistry 2, created by emjaza on 06/09/2013.
emjaza
Mind Map by emjaza, updated more than 1 year ago
emjaza
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Chemistry 2
  1. Monatomic elements
    1. 1 type of atom
      1. 1 atom separately
        1. Group 18 naturally monatomic
        2. Molecules / Diatomic
          1. 2+ atoms bonded together
            1. Molecules of two atoms called diatomic molecules
              1. Group 17 naturally diatomic
                1. Most non-metals
                2. Periodic Table
                  1. Represented by symbols
                    1. Vertical columns= groups / families
                      1. Horizontal Rows= Periods
                        1. Horizontally increases atomic number
                          1. Group 1
                            1. Alkali Metals
                              1. Form a base when reacts with H2O
                              2. Group 2
                                1. Earth Alkali Metals
                                  1. Form a base when react with H20 but don't dissolve more
                                  2. Group 17
                                    1. Halogens
                                      1. Salt forming
                                      2. Group 18
                                        1. Noble gases
                                          1. Inert Gases
                                            1. Don't take part in chemical reactions
                                            2. Group A= Representative elements
                                              1. Group B= Transition elements
                                              2. Metals
                                                1. Malleable
                                                  1. Ductile
                                                    1. Conduct heat & electricity
                                                      1. Lustre
                                                        1. Dense
                                                          1. High melting point
                                                            1. Rusts/corrodes with oxygen and H2O
                                                              1. Left side of table
                                                                1. 2/3 of elements
                                                                2. Metalliods
                                                                  1. shiny/dull
                                                                    1. Malleable & Ductile
                                                                      1. Near steps/ boundaries
                                                                        1. Conductors- not as well as metals
                                                                          1. Germanium, Silicon, boron, sand
                                                                          2. Non-Metals
                                                                            1. Dull
                                                                              1. Don't conduct heat/electricity
                                                                                1. Can be in any state of matter
                                                                                  1. Brittle, break easily
                                                                                    1. Low density
                                                                                      1. Low melting point
                                                                                        1. Don't form crystals
                                                                                          1. Right side of table
                                                                                          2. Atomic structure
                                                                                            1. Sub-atomic particles
                                                                                              1. Proton & Neutron in nucleus
                                                                                                1. electrons in valance shell/ electron cloud
                                                                                                  1. Mass of atom= nucleus
                                                                                                    1. Volume of atom= cloud/shell
                                                                                                      1. Electron
                                                                                                        1. e-
                                                                                                          1. negative charge
                                                                                                            1. orbit nucleus because attracted to protons
                                                                                                              1. In uncharged, neutral atom, electrons=protons
                                                                                                              2. Proton
                                                                                                                1. p+
                                                                                                                  1. In nucleus
                                                                                                                    1. positive charge
                                                                                                                      1. mass of an atom
                                                                                                                        1. atomic number
                                                                                                                        2. Neutron
                                                                                                                          1. n0
                                                                                                                            1. In nucleus
                                                                                                                              1. Mass of atom
                                                                                                                            2. Identifying elements
                                                                                                                              1. Atomic #= # of protons identity if neutral
                                                                                                                                1. Mass #= # protons & neutrons mass of atom
                                                                                                                                  1. Atomic number
                                                                                                                                    1. Mass number
                                                                                                                                    2. Heterogenous mixture
                                                                                                                                      1. Not chemically combined
                                                                                                                                        1. Easily separated physically
                                                                                                                                          1. Retains original properties
                                                                                                                                          2. Homogenous solution
                                                                                                                                            1. 1 substance dissolved in another
                                                                                                                                              1. Best mixed
                                                                                                                                                1. Solute in Solvent
                                                                                                                                                2. Compound
                                                                                                                                                  1. more than 1 type of atom chemically combined
                                                                                                                                                    1. fixed, definite ration
                                                                                                                                                      1. same throughout
                                                                                                                                                        1. can be easily chemically broken down
                                                                                                                                                        2. Colloids
                                                                                                                                                          1. Mixed together, not dissolved
                                                                                                                                                            1. Permanently suspended
                                                                                                                                                              1. Will not separate upon standing
                                                                                                                                                                1. particles constantly colliding= murky/ cloudy
                                                                                                                                                                2. Alloys
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Metals dissolved in metals
                                                                                                                                                                    1. stainless steel= iron & chromium
                                                                                                                                                                      1. brass= copper & zinc

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