19822939
Description
Mind Map by Lenore Arnold, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lenore Arnold
over 4 years ago
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Atrial Fibrillation
- What is it?
- A type of arrythmia due to electrical signal
distubances of the heart
- The most common arrythmia affecting approx 200,000 Canadians (Heart and Stroke Foundation
of Canada, 2018).
- Irregular atrial rhythm accompanied by
irregular ventricular rhythm of variable rate
(Copstead & Banasik, 2014).
- The most common arrythmia affecting approx 200,000 Canadians (Heart and Stroke Foundation
of Canada, 2018).
- Risk Factors
- - diabetes
- - high blood pressure
- - underlying heart disease
- - age
- - age
- - underlying heart disease
- - high blood pressure
- Main Complications
- - stroke
- - heart failure
- people with Afib are 3-5x higher of risk for
ischemic stroke. Studies show that
long-term use of Warfarin in pts with Afib
reduces the risk of stroke by 70-80% (Heart
and Stroke Foundation of Canada, 2018).
- - heart failure
- - stroke
- - diabetes
- A type of arrythmia due to electrical signal
distubances of the heart
- Manifestations
- On an EKG, atrial impulses appear as small, squiggly waves of
various sizes and shapes
- Afib is sustained by multiple reentrant "wavelets"which change
countinuously in size and directions
- Majority of atrial depolarizations are blocked at the AV node, few reach the ventricles to initiate
ventricular contraction
- Atria quiver rather than contract forcefully --> allowing blood to become stagnant in the atria and the
possible formation of thrombi (Copstead & Bamasik, 2014).
- A fib may be intermittent or sustained in the long term
- A fib may be intermittent or sustained in the long term
- Atria quiver rather than contract forcefully --> allowing blood to become stagnant in the atria and the
possible formation of thrombi (Copstead & Bamasik, 2014).
- Majority of atrial depolarizations are blocked at the AV node, few reach the ventricles to initiate
ventricular contraction
- Afib is sustained by multiple reentrant "wavelets"which change
countinuously in size and directions
- Signs and Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Heart palpitations
- Difficulty breathing
- Chest pain
- Low blood pressure
- Dizziness or fainting
- Fatigue
- On an EKG, atrial impulses appear as small, squiggly waves of
various sizes and shapes
- Types of Afib
- Paroxysmal
- Temporary episodes which come and go. Each episode has a sudden
start and then the heart returns to a normal beat on its own within 24
hours wirh out medical assistance (jHeart and Stroke Foundation
Canada, 2014).
- Temporary episodes which come and go. Each episode has a sudden
start and then the heart returns to a normal beat on its own within 24
hours wirh out medical assistance (jHeart and Stroke Foundation
Canada, 2014).
- Persistent
- Edisodes of Afib last longer than 7 days. Treatment is usually needed
(heart and Stroke Foundation Canada, 2014).
- Edisodes of Afib last longer than 7 days. Treatment is usually needed
(heart and Stroke Foundation Canada, 2014).
- Permanent
- irregular heart rhythm lasts for < 1 year despite
medications or treatments. Some may not feel any
symptoms or require medications (Heart and Stroke
Foundation Canada, 2014).
- irregular heart rhythm lasts for < 1 year despite
medications or treatments. Some may not feel any
symptoms or require medications (Heart and Stroke
Foundation Canada, 2014).
- Paroxysmal
- Causes
- - high blood pressure (most common)
- Heart failure
- Coronary artery disease
- Coronary artery bypass surgery
- Cardiomyopathy
- Diabetes
- Myocarditis or pericarditis
- Diseases that damage the values of the heart
- Atrial septal defect
- Heavy alcohol use
- Unhealthy wt
- Sleep apnea
- Age (more common in older people)
- - high blood pressure (most common)
- Prevention
- Heart-healthy lifestyle changes may be recommended by the doctor.
This may include the aim for a healthy weight, regular physical activity,
control of blood sugar, limiting alcohol, strategies to lower blood
pressure, stress management, smoking cessation (NIH, 2019).
- Heart-healthy lifestyle changes may be recommended by the doctor.
This may include the aim for a healthy weight, regular physical activity,
control of blood sugar, limiting alcohol, strategies to lower blood
pressure, stress management, smoking cessation (NIH, 2019).
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