Topic 10~Spreadsheets

Topic 10~Spreadsheets

1. A spreadsheet application such as Excel can store all its data in a single file. This file is called a worksheet

2. A workbook is made up of one or more worksheets

3. A worksheet is a single tab in the spreadsheet workbook

4. Labels~ any text in a cell describing the data in a row or column (titles, headings that identify data)

5. FORMULAS~ must start with an = Formulas perform calculations on cell contents

   • Appear in the formula bar
   • + add - subtract * multiply / divide
   • =(B3*C6) +E12

6. Data~ any values (text or numbers) that are entered for the use of calculation

7. Formulas and fuctions~ mathematical calculations carried out automatically

8. FUNCTIONS~ start with = Specialised calculations built into the spreadsheet software

   • SUM, COUNT, AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, IF
   • =SUM(D2:D7)

9. FORMATTING~ the content of a cell can be formatted

   • Font style, size, colour, border style, alignment, cell colour
   • Multiple cells can be merged into one cell
   • Cells are often formatted to reflect the data that is held in them. Data types include:
     • Currency
     • Number
     • Text
     • Integer
     • Real
     • Date

10. REPLICATING CELLS~ When you position the mouse pointer in the bottom right hand corner of the cell and drag down or across the spreadsheet tries to respond intelligently. If there is a formula in the cell, the spreadsheet tries to adjust it as it goes down the page to fit in with the new position and the cells being referred to.

11. GRAPHS AND CHARTS~ Using charts/graphs allows us to notice patterns & trends more easily

12. Specific data can be selected on a spreadsheet and a chart/graph of this data can be created.

13. BAR CHARTS~ to compare values

    • PIE CHARTS~ to show how a total is divided among a number of different categories.
      • LINE GRAPH~ display trends

14. CELL REFERENCING~ When a formula is copied by ‘filling down’ the cell references in cells are adjusted as you drag the pointer down the page.

    • RELATIVE CELL REFERENCES~ Relative cell references is when a cell is used in a formula and the formula is copied to a new cell reference (address) , the cell references (cell address) changes to take account of the formula’s new position.
    • ABSOLUET CELL REFERENCES~ Absolute cell referencing is where a reference to a cell used in a formula where, when the formula is copied to a new cell reference (cell address), the cell reference (cell address) does not change. It is glued in place by the $ character.

15. WHAT IF?~They allow you to use a spreadsheet to see what would happen if certain figures changed in a spreadsheet.

16. AUTOMATIC RECALCULATION~ Every time the content of a cell is changed, calculations are performed and other cells are updated if necessary.

    • ACCURATE CALCULATIONS~ Providing the formulas have been set up correctly, the formulas will always produce a correct calculation
    • GRAPHS & CHARTS~ Can be drawn using data in selected cells.
    • REPLICATION~ Once the first formula is correctly entered, it is possible to drag across to adjacent cells in a row or column so the computer copies the pattern of the calculation.

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