Soft tissue lesions of Oral mucosa

Hyperplasia
1. Fibroepithelial polyp
  1. = fibrous tissue lump
  2. Normal epithelium
  3. Keratosis
  4. Cause = chronic trauma
  5. Fibrous epulis
2. Epulis
  2. Vascular epulis
  3. Giant cell epulis
    1. Peripheral giant cell granuloma
      1. = lesion of giant cells + RBCs/blood products outside vessels
      2. Purple/red due to blood products outside vessels
    2. Most common = anterior to 6s
  4. = swelling on gingiva
  5. Peduncle attachment
    1. Easy surgical removal
3. Pyogenic granuloma
  1. = lobular capillary haemangioma
  2. Thin epithelium with overgrowth of blood vessels
  3. Red appearance due to blood vessels
  4. Yellow appearance due to ulcer slough
  5. Peduncle attachment
    1. Easy surgical removal
  6. Vascular epulis
    1. Can be pregnancy-related with poor OH
4. Denture granuloma
  1. Basically = fibroepithelial polp caused by chronic trauma from denture
  2. Leaf fibroma
  3. Paillary hyperplasia of palate
5. Mucocele
  1. = swelling filled with saliva
  2. Most common = lower lip
    1. If seen on upper lip -> more likely adenoma
  3. Types
    1. Mucus extravagation cyst
      1. Redder lesion as saliva burst out tissues
    2. Mucus retention cyst
      1. Red border, centrally blue as saliva retained within ducts
  4. Cause = trauma to minor salivary glands/ducts
  5. Management
    1. Leave to burst if small
    2. Surgical removal if large
      1. May re-occur
6. Lingual tonsil hyperplasia
  1. Hyperplastic lymphoid tissue
  2. Sore throat
Neoplasia
1. Benign
  1. Squamous cell papilloma
    1. Most common = lip & soft palate
    2. Cause = HPV (some cases), idiopathic
    3. White due to keratosis
    4. Easy to surgically remove
  2. Haemangioma
    1. = neoplasm of blood vessels
    2. Blanches on pressure then refills
    3. Purple
    4. Less common than hamartoma
  3. Lymphangioma
    1. = neoplasm of lymph vessels
    2. Covered with normal mucosa
    3. Less common than hamartoma
    4. Bubbles on tongue surface
  4. Lipoma
    1. = neoplasm of fat
    2. Soft & squidgy
  5. Salivary gland tumour
    1. Pleomorphic adenoma = most common
  6. Neurofibroma
    1. = neoplasm of peripheral nerves/Schwann cells
  7. Granular cell tumour
    1. Most common = dorsum of tongue
    2. Flesh-coloured, under epithelium
    3. Single lump/lesion
2. Malignant
  1. Carcinoma
    1. Squamous cell
      1. Most common (9/10)
    2. Presentation
      1. Ulcerated
      2. Rock hard
      3. Granular surface
      4. Rolled edge
      5. Fixed to underlying tissue
    3. Adenocarcinoma
  2. Melanoma
    1. Most common = palate
    2. Brown/black lesion
  3. Lymphoma
    1. Rubbery
    2. = malignancy of lymphocytes
  4. Sarcoma
    1. = connective tissue malignancy
    2. Fibrosarcoma, lipsarcoma, osteosarcoma
    3. Karposi's sarcoma = angiosarcoma
  5. Metastases
    1. Most common = breast, prostate, lung
Traumatic neuroma
1. Cause = damage to peripheral nerves
2. seen in skin post-parotid gland surgery or with lingual nerve damage
3. = non-neoplastic overgrowth of nerve fibres

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Soft tissue lesions of Oral mucosa

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	Created by sanna pathy about 4 years ago