2419026
Description
Mind Map by kerihowe1997, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by kerihowe1997
about 9 years ago
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Disadvantages
of using the
scientific method
- DEMAND
CHARACTERISTICS
- Disadvantage because: participants may guess the
aim of research + try to please the researcher by
behaving in a certain way
- For example, in Milgram's experiment
participants may have figured out the
experiment aim and that the shocks were
not real
- They would have then responded
differently, meaning the results
would no longer be valid
- They would have then responded
differently, meaning the results
would no longer be valid
- For example, in Milgram's experiment
participants may have figured out the
experiment aim and that the shocks were
not real
- Disadvantage because: participants may guess the
aim of research + try to please the researcher by
behaving in a certain way
- LACKS ECOLOGICAL
VALIDITY
- Disadvantage because: means that
findings of a study cannot be generalized
beyond the settings in which they were
conducted
- For example, Loftus + Palmer's
experiment lacked ecological validity
- It wasn't real, participants only watched a
video which would not be as emotionally
stimulating as witnessing an actual event
- Therefore, it may be argued that this should not have been
generalized as it was not representative of real eye witness
testimony
- Therefore, it may be argued that this should not have been
generalized as it was not representative of real eye witness
testimony
- It wasn't real, participants only watched a
video which would not be as emotionally
stimulating as witnessing an actual event
- For example, Loftus + Palmer's
experiment lacked ecological validity
- Disadvantage because: means that
findings of a study cannot be generalized
beyond the settings in which they were
conducted
- REDUCTIONIST
- Disadvantage because: it may mean that
complex subjects are over-simplified
- For example: the monoamine theory
of depression is reductionist
- Suggests that depression is caused by a lack of these
certain neurotransmitters only, it does not take other
theories into account such as life events or the
environment
- Suggests that depression is caused by a lack of these
certain neurotransmitters only, it does not take other
theories into account such as life events or the
environment
- For example: the monoamine theory
of depression is reductionist
- Disadvantage because: it may mean that
complex subjects are over-simplified
- IGNORES INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCES
- It is nomothetic and
generalizes
- Disadvantage because: culture, age, gender
and other differences may be overlooked
- Most psychological research is conducted
on middle class, middle aged, white men
- Asch's study is an example of this, the data obtained
from this group of people that demonstrated willingness
to conform would then have been generalized to
everybody, which may not be valid or correct
- Asch's study is an example of this, the data obtained
from this group of people that demonstrated willingness
to conform would then have been generalized to
everybody, which may not be valid or correct
- Most psychological research is conducted
on middle class, middle aged, white men
- Disadvantage because: culture, age, gender
and other differences may be overlooked
- It is nomothetic and
generalizes
- ETHICAL ISSUES
- This is most of a disadvantage when the ethical costs
outweigh the scientific benefits
- For example: Milgram's study - broke many ethical issues including
protection from harm, many suffered mentally/ emotionally as well as
physically (some had seizures)
- Many argue that costs outweighed the benefits,
meaning Milgram's findings would not be as credible
- Many argue that costs outweighed the benefits,
meaning Milgram's findings would not be as credible
- For example: Milgram's study - broke many ethical issues including
protection from harm, many suffered mentally/ emotionally as well as
physically (some had seizures)
- This is most of a disadvantage when the ethical costs
outweigh the scientific benefits
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