William & the Papacy

William & the Papacy

1. Papal Support in 1066

   • William's Promises
     • English Reform
       • Corruption
         • Simony
           • Selling Church offices
         • Pluralism
           • Holding more than one office
         • Clerical Marriage
           • Despite Church Law enforcing celibacy, many men were married.
       • Removal of Stigand
         • Excommunicated by more than 5 Popes
         • Bishop of Winchester + Archbishop of Canterbury
     • Political
       • Papal Fief
     • Financial
       • Peter's Pence
   • Harold's Weaknesses
     • The Oath
       • Perjured Usurper
     • Norman propaganda, suggesting Harold was appointed as King, by Lanfranc

2. The Impact of the Norman Conquest

   • Continental Reform
   • Leadership
     • William the Conquerer
       • Pious
       • Built new monastires
         • Fountains Abbey
     • Lanfranc
       • Appointed Archbishop of Canterbury, 1070
       • Pope Alexander II was his pupil
       • Primate of Britain
       • Enforced Canon Law
     • Depositions
       • Removal of Stigand, 1070
     • Appointment of foreign Bishops
       • Odo of Bayeux
   • Corruption
     • Stigand in Power till 1070
     • Bishops with military power
       • Abbot Thurstan
         • Had Norman knights, kill his monks who refused to replace their traditional Gregorian chant.
       • Odo of Bayeux
         • Fought at the Battle of Hastings
         • Earl of Kent, he had military control.

3. Relationship in 1070's

   • William's Neglect
     • Refused to par Peter's Pence, yearly
     • Didn't accept Papal authority
   • The Papacy in Europe
     • Investiture Contrversy
       • The papacy had little support in the 1070's
       • Unable to fight against William's refusals, against Peter's Pence.