Unification of Germany

Unification of Germany

1. Nationalism was developed in the 1800s

   • The German States were reduced.
     • By Napoleon and then by The Congress of Viena
       • The German Confederation is founded.
       • It was conformed by 39 states, control by Austria

2. German Nationalists

   • Wilhelm I
     • Emperor of Prussia
     • Fully supported Bismarck
   • German Otto Bismarck
     • Chief minister of Prussia.
     • Rejected democracy.
   • Helmuth von Moltke
     • Prussian General.
     • Built a strong army and navy to achieve success.

3. Supporting facts

   • Prussian Aristocracy (Junker)
   • The Zollverein

4. Steps

   • AUSTRO-PRUSSIAN WAR 1866
     • Austria and Prussia quarreled over the internal administration of Schleswig and Holstein.
       • Bismark provoke Austria into a war with Prussia.
         • It was also known as the Seven-week war
         • Prussian army crushed the Austrian Army.
           • Austria has to pay Prussia as recognition of the power of Prussia over Germany
             • The German Confederation was dissolved and it the North German Confederation was created.
   • The Danish War 1864
     • Denmarks attempt to annex Schleswig - Holstein
     • Denmark was defeated by Prussia.
       • Schleswig- Prussia
       • Holstein- Austria
       • Austria and Prussia disagree with the administration of these provinces.
   • THE FRANCO PRUSSIAN WAR 1870- 1871
     • A war could only get the southern states to The German Confederation.
       • Bismark provoked a war with France.
         • It caused a dispute in the Spanish Throne.
         • The French Minister went to Ems to visit Wilhelm I who refused to settle the dispute
           • Napoleon III declared war to Prussian on 1870
             • The Emperor was captured and the French forces had been defeated
               • The Treaty of Frankfurt was created on 1871
                 • France ceded Alsace and Lorraine and pay a huge indemnity to Germany.

5. OBSTACLES

   • Prussia
     • Booming industrial
     • economy militaristic class
     • Protestants
   • VS.
   • Austria and Southern German states
     • agricultural
     • Catholic

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