Knowledge Organiser

Knowledge Organiser

1. Solid state devices use non-volatile random access memory (RAM) to store data indefinitely.

2. Optical devices use a laser to scan the surface of a spinning disc made from metal and plastic.

3. The part of a computer that stores data.

4. Carrying out a set of instructions.

5. Carrying out a set of instructions.

   • Following an ordered set of instructions.
     • Shows the start and stop points of the algorithm
       • A decision, either yes or no. Deciding which instruction to carry out next in the algorithm.
         • An instruction or command.
           • The organisation of files and folders using suitable names (which gives the identity of a file) and placed into folders.

6. The physical parts of a computer system, eg a graphics card, hard disk drive or CD drive.

7. An input device is any piece of computer hardware used to provide data to a computer system.

8. An output device is any piece of computer hardware used to communicate the results of data that has been processed.

   • Looking for similarities among and within problems. Looking for patterns.
     • A peripheral device is defined as a computer device, such as a keyboard or printer, that is not part of the essential computer.
       • The protection of data or hardware from unauthorised users
       • A string of characters used to verify the identity of a user
       • If meeting someone you only know online, do so in a public place and take an adult with you.
         • Copyright – the user sometimes loses legal rights to their original material if they store it online.
           • Cost – the user doesn’t need to buy the latest software as it might be freely accessible through web apps.
             • Security - data stored online is vulnerable to security attacks.
         • Independence – the user can work with their files on different computers.
     • How easy it is to move it from one computer to another
       • Avoid sharing your location on social networks eg snapchat
   • Embedded computers are used in car engines, spacecraft and MP3 players. They are dedicated systems that are designed for a fixed purpose.

9. A storage device is a piece of computer equipment which can be used to store data.

   • Focusing on the important information only. Ignoring the details that are not needed.
     • Making a decision within a computer program to decide which instruction to carry out next.
       • An instruction or command.
       • A place to store files that are related, eg. all of the files relating to one project. Folders help to keep work organised. Sometimes called a directory A sub-folder is a folder inside another folder.
         • A mixture of letters and numbers
         • Do not share personal information (such as your date of birth)
   • Breaking down a complex problem or system into smaller, more manageable parts.
     • A laser reads from and writes to Blu-ray disks. Used to store HD movies and other HD recordings.
       • Per storage unit (i.e. price per gigabyte or megabyte).
   • Connects the flowchart shapes. The arrow shows the direction or flow of instructions
     • USB flash drives and solid state hard drives have replaced the traditional HDD in some new computers. Memory cards are used as a convenient and portable removable storage medium.

10. A peripheral device is defined as a computer device, such as a keyboard or printer, that is not part of the essential computer.

11. Embedded computers are used in car engines, spacecraft and MP3 players. They are dedicated systems that are designed for a fixed purpose

    • A computer that holds data to be shared with other computers. A web server stores and shares websites
      • Don’t troll! (upsetting people online)
        • Connection – the user can only access their information if they have a network connection.
      • Change your passwords frequently and avoid using the same password across all accounts
        • Backing up - data backed up in the cloud with a reliable provider can be more reliable than storing your information on a hard drive or USB flash memory stick.

12. Carrying out a set of instructions.

13. How quickly data can be accessed.

14. Relatively cheap per unit of storage. Fast access and retrieval times compared to other storage devices

15. Can be easily damaged, will slow down and eventually break over time. Slower access than Solid State Drives.

    • Computational thinking allows us to take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions. We can then present these solutions in a way that a computer, a human, or both, can understand.

16. Very compact in size and therefore very portable. High speed of data transfer and low power consumption.

17. Considerably more expensive per unit than magnetic storage. More vulnerable to abrupt power loss.

18. Can hold a lot more data than a standard DVD, meaning it can store movies with better picture and sound quality.

    • Anything you save. It could be a document, a piece of music, a collection of data or something else.

19. A laser reads from and writes to Blu-ray disks. Used to store HD movies and other HD recordings.

20. More expensive than DVDs. Requires a Blu-ray player. Can lose data when scratched.

    • Developing a step-by-step solution to the problem, or the rules to follow to solve the problem.