More conditions, the subjunctive

More conditions, the subjunctive

1. Implied conditions

   • No change in the result clause.
   • Conditional phase may precede or follow the result clasue.
   • But for is formal and generally used in writing and formal speech.
   • Phrasses to imply conditions: But for, otherwise, if not, without, if so, with.
   • EXAMPLE
     • Your friend maybe happy. If not, go cheer him up.

2. Inverted Conditions

   • No change in the result clause.
   • Can precede or follow the result clause.
   • We can express unreal situations deleting if and inverting the subject and the verb.
   • Same meaning as conditionals with if.
   • To form negative inversions, add not after the inverted verb and the subject.
   • EXAMPLE
     • If I were to buy myself an Audi, I would tell my whole family.
     • Were she not sad, she wouldn't be watching Titanic.

3. Form and fucntion of the subjunctive

   • subjunctive is a verb form that expresses wishes, unreal conditions and possibilities.
   • We use were for all persons of the verb be. Do not use it for past situations.
   • Occurs in noun clauses and uses the base form.
   • Verb always in the base form.
   • Negative: place not before the base form. Example: My mom insisted that we not go to the mall.
     • Passive: be + the past participle. Example: The chef recommends that my mom be relaxed
   • Example
     • They insist that she go to her house.

4. Subjunctive with adjectives of advice, necessity and urgency.

   • We use the base form of the verb.
   • Common adjectives: advisable, crucial, urgent, important, mandatory, desirible, necessary.
   • It + adjective + that-clause
   • Example
     • It is important that we get informed.

5. Subjunctive with verbs of advice, necessity and urgency.

   • With the base form of the verb.
   • Principal verbs: demand, insist, propose, recommend and suggest.
   • Ask, order, require, urge, etc., can be followed by a subjunctive construction.
     • When they occur with subjunctive constructions, "that" is usually not omitted.
     • Verb + object + infinitive
     • EXAMPLE
       • I asked that my mom have his own room.
       • I asked my mom to have her own room.
   • EXAMPLE
     • I propose that we decide our destination.