Chapter 1: Concept of Knowledge

Chapter 1: Concept of Knowledge

1. Knowledge: Further processed information

   • Learning the alphabet

2. Tactic knowledge: Stored in the brain of a person

3. Explicit knowledge: Stored or imbedded in facilities, products, processes, services and systems

   • Personal knowledge can become organizational knowledge through the dynamic interaction between tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge.
     • Think of learning how to make your grandmother's famous recipes.
     • Information contained in encyclopedias and textbooks

4. Socialization is a process of creating common tacit knowledge through shared experiences

   • Individuals share experiences and space at the same time.

5. Externalization is a process of articulating tacit knowledge into such explicit knowledge as concepts and/or diagrams.

   • The process of creating a new product concept or developing a new production process.

6. Combination is a process of assembling new and existing explicit knowledge into a systemic knowledge

   • An engineer can combine available drawings and design specifications to produce a new process design or equipment.

7. Internalization is a process of embodying explicit knowledge into tacit knowledge or an individual’s know-how or operational knowledge.

   • Learning by doing or using.