Endocrine Alterations

Endocrine Alterations

1. Objectives

   • DIABETES
     • Explain the wide variety of issues that arise with alterations in glucose metabolism
     • Define metabolic syndrome. Discuss and relate the potential pathophysiological consequences of this group of risk factors.
     • Describe the etiology, pathogenesis and relevant nursing therapeutics for a patient experiencing type I diabetes
     • Describe the etiology, pathogenesis and relevant nursing therapeutics for a patient experiencing type II diabetes
     • Describe the relevant diagnostic tests used to diagnose and monitor diabetes
     • Compare and contrast the similarities and differences between type I and type II diabetes
     • Explain the nursing process in relation to the acute complications of hypo/hyperglycemia
     • Discuss the nursing process in relation to management of diabetes
     • Discuss the nursing process in relation to long term complications of diabetes: micro and macro
     • Apply nursing knowledge and responsibilities in relation to the safe administration of a variety of antihyperglycemics (oral and insulins)
     • Discuss the role of the RN in diabetes education and collaborating with patients on lifestyle modifications and self-management education
   • THYROID, PARATHYROID, AND SEX HORMONES
     • Identify and relate the client experience in alterations of thyroid and sex hormones.
     • Discuss the pathophysiological processes and underlying symptoms associated with these alterations with a focus on hypo and hyperthyroidism
     • Discuss factors influencing individuals' decisions in regarding hormonal drug therapy
     • Explain the principles underlying hormone replacement therapy
     • Identify and explain the therapeutic and adverse effects experienced by individuals receiving estrogens, progestins, androgens, antiestrogens, or thyroid replacement
     • Identify herbal therapies which may be helpful to individual's experiencing menstrual and menopausal symptoms
     • Understand the potential impact of an overactive or underactive adrenal gland on endocrine function and other hormones