Semantics units of analysis

Semantics units of analysis

1. WORDS

   • a minimal permutable element

2. UTTERANCE

   • created by speaking or writing a piece of language

3. SENTENCE

   • abstract grammatical elements obtained from utterances
   • a given English sentence alwasy consists of the same words in the same order

4. PROPOSITIONS

   • descriptions of states of affairs, some say basic element of sentence meaning

5. ABSTRACTION

6. MEANING

   • DENOTATION
     • human cognitive capacity if making concepts and words to name them
     • utterance independent
     • relates expressions to classes of entities
   • REFERENCE
     • variable and uterrance-dependent
     • points to the specific entity concrete or abstract
   • SENSE
     • interlexical or intralingual relation; defines relations within the same language

7. Abiguity Natural Language Procession

   • SENSE
     • HOMONYMS
     • POLYSEMY

8. Lexical Relations

   • HOMONYMY
     • different category - different spelling
       • knot /not
     • same category - different spelling
       • wring / ring
     • same syntactic category and same spelling
       • lap / lap
     • same spelling different syntactic category
       • keep / verb
       • keep / noun
   • POLYSEMY
     • sole -fish
     • sole -shoe
   • SYNONMY
     • sofa /couch
     • small / tiny