3748953
Description
Mind Map by emmackinsey, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by emmackinsey
over 8 years ago
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Basic Atom Info
- made up of a nucleus
surrounded by orbitals
- nucleus
- made up of protons and neutrons
- protons have a positive charge
- the # of protons determines the type of atom
- the # of protons determines the type of atom
- neutrons have a neutral charge
- held together by strong nuclear force
- protons have a positive charge
- made up of protons and neutrons
- electron cloud
- surrounds the nucleus
- the most likely place to find an electron at a given time
- divided into different levels, or orbitals
- electrons located in the outermost orbitals are called valence electrons
- atoms can lose or gain valence electrons
- atoms that lose electrons become positively charged
- known as cations
- known as cations
- atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged
- known as anions
- known as anions
- atoms that lose electrons become positively charged
- atoms can lose or gain valence electrons
- different atoms have different distances between orbitals
- when atoms absorb energy their electrons jump to higher orbitals
- thus different atoms require varying amounts of energy for their
electrons to switch orbitals
- thus different atoms release different amounts of energy
- thus different atoms release different colours of light
- thus different atoms release different colours of light
- thus different atoms release different amounts of energy
- energy is released as the electron falls
back to its original orbital (ground state)
- the energy is usually released as light
- thus different atoms release different colours of light
- thus different atoms release different colours of light
- the energy is usually released as light
- known as "excited state"
- thus different atoms require varying amounts of energy for their
electrons to switch orbitals
- when atoms absorb energy their electrons jump to higher orbitals
- electrons located in the outermost orbitals are called valence electrons
- electrons have a negative charge
- surrounds the nucleus
- nucleus
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