Gastrointestinal System

Gastrointestinal System

1. The Mouth

   • Salivary Glands
     • Secretes Saliva  Begins chemical breakdown of Carbs Each gland has Serous Cells and Mucous Cells
     • Parotid
       • anterior and slightly inferior to each ear.  Between cheek and masseter muscle  clear watery fluid & amylase
     • Submandibular
       • Floor of the mouth  inside lower jaw surface viscous fluid
     • Sublingual
       • lies on floor of mouth  inferior to tongue thick stringy secretions 
     • Serous Cells
       • Contains the enzyme SALIVARY AMYLASE
     • Mucous Cells
       • secretes mucus to bind an lubricate

2. Hollow Organs

   • Esophagus
   • Stomach
   • Small Intestines
   • Large Intestines
   • Gallbladder

3. Solid Organs

   • Liver
     • 5th Intercostal Space to lower ribs.  about 3 LBS 2 lobes  
     • Functions
       • Glucose storage Protein synthesis Filtering blood
     • Hepatoportal
       • Directs blood from intestines through liver to be processed. 
   • Spleen
     • ULQ posterior to Stomach
     • Function
       • Fighting Infection  Removal of Red blood Cells from circulation
   • Peritoneum
     • Surround organs Smooth membrane  Connective tissue Parietal vs Visceral 
     • Mesenteries
       • Greater Omenta
       • Lesser Omenta
       • Omental Bursa
   • Pancreas
     • ULQ Posterior to Stomach Extends latteraly from Duodenum towards Spleen  15 cm 3 ounces
     • Function
       • Insulin  Glucagons Digestive enzymes
       • Enzymes
         • Protein
           • Trypsin Chymotrypsin Carboxypeptidase
         • Fats
           • Lipases
     • Pancreatic Duct
       • into Common Hepatic Duct into duodenum by the Ampulla of Vater. 

Images and files in the map