Ethical Issues in Research

Ethical Issues in Research

1. Making an Ethical Decision

   • Conflict of Interest
     • Prejudicial
     • Professional
     • Personal
     • Financial
   • History of Bioethics
     • Hippocratic Oath
     • Favorable RIsk-Benefit Ratio
       • The potential benefits must outweigh the risks of the study
     • Promote moral and social values while protecting human and animal subjects
   • Health Emergencies
     • COVID-19
       • Nuffield Council on Bioethics
     • Fundamental Principle
       • Circumstances do not dictate ethical princples

2. Responsibilities of Researchers

   • Informed Consent
     • Ensures individuals decide whether they enroll in research & whether research fits with their own values and needs
   • Animal Research
     • Regulatory Bodies
       • FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine
       • USDA Center for Veterinary Biologics
     • Animal Welfare Act
     • Research Considerations
       • Replacement
       • Reduction
       • Refinement
   • Human Research
     • Clinical Trials
       • Placebo - Controlled Trials
         • Declaration of Helsinki
     • Belmont Report
       • Justice
       • Respect for Persons
       • Beneficence
     • Respect for Human Subjects
       • Stem cell or Gene Therapy Research
   • Confidentiality
     • Common Rule
       • Provides confidentiality for information regarding the research subject
     • HIPPA
       • Protected Health Information
   • Institutional Review Boards
     • Development of research regulations
   • Ghost Authorship
     • Academic Detailing
       • Direct to Consumer Advertising
       • Misinformation

3. Federal Regulations

   • National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guidelines
     • Agency that conducts and supports medical research and discoveries