MSM model of memory

MSM model of memory

1. atkinson and shiffren-1968

2. SENSORY REGISTER -recieves info from environment from senses.-has duration of 0.5s-

   • capacity of unlimited
     • coded either echoic or iconic
       • info has to be payed attention to, to pass into STM
         • info lost through decay

3. STM-capacity of 5-9(7-/+2)

   • duration of 20s
     • coded acoustically
       • info lost through displacement
   • info has to be miantenance rehearsed to stay in stm longer
     • has to be elaboratively rehearsed to pass into LTM
   • chunking can be done to increase capacitty
     • BADDELEY-carried out research onto coding of STM -GRP 1 given words that were acoustically similiar and GRP2 given words that were acoustically dissimialr. They were given list of words in wrong order and asked to recall them in right order.Grp 1 recalled 10% due to acoustic confusion and Grp 2 recalled 80% showing it coded acoustically
       • Miller-1956- tested capacity in STM by using a digital span test. He found that people usually could hold about 5-9 pieces of info before being displaced.Chunking can be used eg;creating groupings to help increase capacity.
         • Peterson and Peterson -1959-tested duration of STM by aksing pps to remember random trigrams and whilst trying to remember these and recall them at different time delays3,6,9,12s they were given an interference task to count back in sets of 3's.Found that alot of info lost through displacement and doesnt remain in STM for more than 20s if not maintenance rehearsed.

4. LTM - capacity -unlimited

   • duration is unlimited
     • coded sementically
       • retrieval must be done to access info from LTM
   • Baddeley tested coding of LTM GRP3 given words with a similiar meaning and GRP4 given words with dissimilar meaning and to to recall list in right order. GRP3 performed worse than GRP4 showing LTM is coded semantiically
     • Bahrick-1975- tested duration of LTM-asked400 pps aged17-74yrs to identify and recall names and fces of former classmates. Those who had left in last 15yrs recalled 90%. Those who left in last 48yrs recalled 70% showing that memories in LTM had accessibility and retrieval issues rather than being lost through permanent forgetting.