4078165
Mind Map by Kirsten Sjostrom, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kirsten Sjostrom
about 5 years ago
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0
Description
Language and thought
1 4 properties of language
1.1 Symbolic
1.2 Semantic
1.3 Generative
1.4 Structured
2 morphemes-smallest
unit of meaning
50,000 in English,
root words, prefixes,
suffixes
2.1 semantics- meaning
of words and word
combinations
2.1.1 syntax- a
system of
rules for
arranging
words into
sentences
2.2 phonemes
smallest
speech
units 100
possible,
English –
about 40
3 cognitive revolution- Behaviourist
focus on overt responses
arguments regarding incomplete
picture of human functioning.
Empirical study of cognition – 1956
conference Simon and Newell –
problem solving Chomsky – new
model of language Miller –
memory
4 development of
human language- 1
year – first word
similar
cross-culturally –
words for parents
receptive vs.
expressive language
4.1 18-24 months –
vocabulary spurt
fast mapping
over and
underextensions
4.2 End of second
year – combine
words
Telegraphic
speech Mean
Length of
Utterance (MLU)
4.3 End of third year
– complex ideas,
plural, past tense
5 irrelevant info and
functional
fixedness-thinking of
an object as only
functioning in its usual
way To overcome
functional fixedness,
you must think of the
matchbox, tacks, and
candle all functioning
in new ways.
6 mental set-persistence in
using strategies that have
worked in the past. must
think outside of the box
7 problem solving stratagies
7.1 Step 1: Preparation- identifying, separating, and defining.
7.1.1 Step 2: Production- generating possible solutions (hypotheses) by using algorithms and heuristics
7.1.1.1 Step 3: Evaluation- judging hypotheses in Step 2 against the criteria in Step 1.
8 behaviourist- believe that all learning is
acquired step-by-step, through
associations and reinforcements
8.1 nativist- learning
the rules of
language
Language
Acquisition Device
(LAD)
8.1.1 interactionist- Cognitive, social
communication, and emergentist
theories