Motion Perception

Uses
1. motion of objects in the world.
2. Attracts attention
3. Figure-background segmentation
4. Estimate depth (motion parallax)
5. Infer form and 3D structure
6. Infer action and type of actor from biological motion
Types of Motion
1. Ego motion
2. Object motion
3. Apparent motion
4. Biological motion
5. Motion parallax
Components of Motion
1. Direction
2. Speed
3. Velocity
Computation of Visual Motion
1. Motion aftereffect
  1. implies an opponent-process system, like that of colour vision
  2. Interocular transfer
    1. Result of activities of neurons in a part of the visual system where information collected from two eyes is combined
    2. Input from both eyes is combined in area V1
    3. Recent studies: Locate site of motion aftereffects more precisely
2. Aperture
  1. Correspondance problem
  2. Aperture problem
Optic Flow
Models for Motion Detection
1. Spatiotemporal energy models for the perception of motion
2. Elaborated Reichardt detectors
3. Model of human visual-motion sensing
Eye Movement
1. Smooth pursuit
2. Saccade
3. problem of discriminating motion across the retina that is due to eye movements vs. object movements
  1. Motor system solves “problem” of why an object in motion may appear stationary by sending out two copies of each order to move eyes
    1. One copy goes to eye muscles
    2. Another (“efference copy”) goes to an area of visual system that has been dubbed “comparator”
    3. Comparator can then compensate for image changed caused by eye movement, inhibiting any attempts by other parts of the visual system to interpret changes as object motion
Akinetopsia
1. caused by disruptions to the human cortical homolog of MT

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Motion Perception

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	Created by natalieclark29 over 10 years ago