Graphics

Design of Products
1. Social issues
  1. Essential to consider the view of others when designing new products
  2. Anthropometrics and Ergonomics
    1. Study of people
      1. Shape
      2. Size
    2. Designing products to suit humans
    3. eg. a phone that fits in the hand
  3. Signs and symbols
    1. Materials
    2. Safety
2. Moral isues
  1. Working condidtions
    1. Labour costs
    2. Fairtrade
  2. User safety
  3. Ethical Trading Inititative
    1. Organisation that works with trade unions in order to increase the rights of workers worldwide.
      1. Help is generally in LEDCs
3. Cultural Issues
  1. Valuing the responses of others to design solutions
  2. The impact of different cultures on modern products
4. Environmental Issues
  1. Select materials that are appropriate and sustainable
  2. Reduce
    1. Use of chemicals
      1. eg. bleaches, CFCs
    2. Use of materials dangerous to the environment
      1. eg. toxic materials
  3. Carbon footprint
    1. Transportation
    2. Manufacturing
  4. Carbon offsetting
    1. The counteracting of carbon dioxide emissions with an equivalent reduction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
  5. Deforestation
  6. Rethink
    1. Disposal of redundant products
    2. Packaging
      1. Environmentally friendly
      2. Minimal wasteage
5. Design Issues
  1. How good is the design?
    1. Improves quality of life
    2. Safety
  2. Response to changing...
    1. styles
    2. taste
    3. technology
    4. environmental pressures
  3. Eco-design
    1. Design concept to finished product
    2. Use of materials and energy product LCA
  4. Globalisation
5 R's
1. Reduce
  1. Life cycle of a product
    1. 1. Energy and waste of production process
  2. Built in obscolecence
  3. Materials wastage
2. Reuse
  1. Products that can be reused
    1. Same purpose
    2. Different purpose
      1. adapted for alternative use
      2. eg. wine glass could be a rose vase
3. Recycle
  1. Recyclable products
    1. Glass
    2. Plastic
    3. Metals
  2. Products that use recycled materials
  3. Disassembly
    1. Tertiary recycling
  4. Types of recycling
    1. Primary
      1. Same as reusing a product
      2. eg. refilling plastic bottle
    2. Secondary
      1. Taking something apart and making something else
      2. eg. making a pair of jeans into a bag
    3. Tertiary
      1. When products are broken down and reformulated
      2. eg. plastic bottles into fleece fabric
4. Rethink
  1. Is it possible to approach design problems differently?
    1. More sustainably?
    2. How?
  2. Utalising wastage products or components of old products
5. Repair
  1. Try to fix and mend broken products
  2. Products
    1. Can they be fixed?
    2. Is it safe to fix this product?
6. Refuse
  1. Issues relating to sustainable design
    1. Expensive
    2. Not yet cost effective
  2. Materials we should refuse to use
    1. Plastic
  3. Refuse to purchase unneeded prducts
Materials
1. Classification
  1. Card
  2. Paper
  3. Foam Board
  4. Sheet plastic
    1. Suitability of thermoplastics for formation
  5. Corriflute
  6. Styrofoam
  7. See Materials: A Booklet
    1. Properties
    2. Suitability
2. Properties
  1. Physical
    1. Hardness
    2. Roughness
    3. Strength
    4. Flexibilty
    5. Impact Resistance
    6. Strength to weight ratio
  2. Aesthetic
  3. Importance of understanding properties when selecting material for use
    1. Choice considering ergonomics
  4. Finish of product
    1. Laminating
    2. Varnish
    3. UV lacqure
    4. Embossing
    5. Foil Aplication
3. Joining
  1. Glue
    1. PVA
    2. Spray adhesive
    3. Solvent cement
    4. Hot melt glue
      1. Glue gun
    5. Epoxy resin
    6. Glue sticks
    7. Adhesive tape
      1. Single sided
      2. Double sided
4. Smart materials
  1. Polymorph
    1. Polymer
    2. Use
      1. Modelling
      2. Prototyping
    3. Thermoplastic
      1. Reusable and Recyclable
  2. Thermochromic
    1. Change colour in response to a temperature change
      1. eg. mugs that change colour when hot drink is present
  3. Photochromic
    1. Changes colour is response to a change in the light level
      1. eg. white indoors, colourful outside
  4. Phosphorescent pigment
    1. stores light energy and then provides an 'afterglow'
      1. 'Afterglow' - glows in the dark
      2. eg. safety signs
  5. Nanotechnology
    1. The science of extremely small things. Usually involves the study of materials on 'nano' scale.
    2. 1nm = 1millionth of a m
    3. Nanomaterials
      1. Stronger
      2. Lighter
      3. Electrical conductivity
    4. Uses
      1. Computer chips
      2. Healthcare
        Medicine
      3. Mobiles
      4. Waterproofing
5. Design
  1. Evaluation and modification of ideas
    1. Considering creativity
    2. Considering sustainability
  2. Task or user needs
    1. Design in accordance to criteria
  3. Justicifation
    1. Choice
    2. Rejection
  4. Materials
    1. Select and Justify
  5. Prototyping
    1. Importance
    2. Purpose
      1. Reducing waste
      2. Does prototype meet needs?
        Does it work?
  6. Ergonomics and Anthropometrics
    1. Be designed to suit human usage
6. Equipment
  1. Knowledge
  2. Selecting for use
  3. Safety
  4. Examples
    1. Glue gun
    2. Laser cutter
    3. Craft knife
Processes
1. Graphic shapes
  1. Triangles
  2. Quadrilaterals
  3. Polygons
    1. 5
    2. 6
    3. 8
  4. Elipses

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	Created by nicole_j_baldwin over 10 years ago