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Biological
Therapies For
OCD
- Chemotherapy
- Anti-anxiety Drug
- Benzodiazepines
(BZs)
- Slow down the activity of the
central nervous system by
enhancing activity of GABA
- GABA release --> Quietening effect on
many of the neruons in the brain
- Does this by reacting w/ GABA receptors. When GABA locks into
these receptors it opens a channel which increase the flow of
chloride ions into the neruon
- Chloride ions make it harder for the neuron
to be stimulated by other neurotransmitters
--> slowing down its activity & making the
person feel more relaxed
- Chloride ions make it harder for the neuron
to be stimulated by other neurotransmitters
--> slowing down its activity & making the
person feel more relaxed
- Does this by reacting w/ GABA receptors. When GABA locks into
these receptors it opens a channel which increase the flow of
chloride ions into the neruon
- GABA release --> Quietening effect on
many of the neruons in the brain
- Examples
- Valium
- Xanax
- Valium
- Slow down the activity of the
central nervous system by
enhancing activity of GABA
- Benzodiazepines
(BZs)
- Anti-depressant drugs
- SSRIs
- Choy & Schneier (2008): SSRIs are
currently the preferred drug for treating
anxiety disorders
- Increase levels of the
neurotransmitter SEROTONIN
(regulates mood & anxiety)
- Higher serotonin level --> NORMALISE
the 'worry circuit'
- Higher serotonin level --> NORMALISE
the 'worry circuit'
- Examples
- Paxil
- Prozac
- Paxil
- Choy & Schneier (2008): SSRIs are
currently the preferred drug for treating
anxiety disorders
- SSRIs
- Anti-anxiety Drug
- Psychosurgery
- Capsulotomy
- Remove Capsule
- Part of the limbic system
involved with emotion and
anxiety
- Part of the limbic system
involved with emotion and
anxiety
- Remove Capsule
- Cingulotomy
- Remove Cingulum
- linked the orbitofrontal cortex
to the caudate nucleus
- linked the orbitofrontal cortex
to the caudate nucleus
- Remove Cingulum
- Deep Brain
Stimulation (DBS)
- Placing wires in target areas of
the brain
- Wires are connected to a battery in
the patient’s chest
- Current is on, interrupts the target circuits in the brain e.g. ‘worry circuit’
- Current is on, interrupts the target circuits in the brain e.g. ‘worry circuit’
- Wires are connected to a battery in
the patient’s chest
- Placing wires in target areas of
the brain
- Transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
- Avoids destruction of
brain tissue
- A large electromagnetic coil is
placed above the scalp near
the forehead
- Creates painless electric currents that stimulate the
frontal cortex (a region of the brain asso w/ OCD and
mood regulation
- Creates painless electric currents that stimulate the
frontal cortex (a region of the brain asso w/ OCD and
mood regulation
- A large electromagnetic coil is
placed above the scalp near
the forehead
- Avoids destruction of
brain tissue
- Capsulotomy
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