the multi store model of memory

the multi store model of memory

1. the multi store model MSM

   • Atkinson & Shiffrin
     • describes how info flows through the memory system
       • memory is made up of 3 stores linked by processing

2. what it's made up of...

   • sensory register
     • a stimulus from the environment passes into the sensory register
       • there is a store for each sense
         • 2 main
           • iconic
             • eyes
           • echoic
             • ears
     • duration
       • less than half a second
     • capacity
       • high
         • millions of cells e.g. in eye
   • short term memory
     • limited capacity store - only remember a few things before you forget
     • capacity
       • 7 + - 2
     • coded acoustically
     • duration
       • 30 seconds
   • long term memory
     • permanent memory store for rehearsed info
       • has to be retrieved back to stm to 'view' it
     • capacity
       • unlimited
     • duration
       • many years
     • coded semantically

3. evaluation

   • supporting research
     • supports that stm & ltm are qualitatively different
       • Baddeley
         • mix up words that sound similar using stm
         • mix up words with similar meaning using ltm
     • clearly shows coding
       • stm = acoustically
       • ltm = semantic
   • more than one type of stm
     • MSM - one type of stm
       • Shallice & Warrington
         • studied someone with amnesia
           • stm for digits poor when read out loud
             • but better when saying in head
               • so one store for visual and one for sound
   • more than one type of rehearsal
     • MSM says amount of rehearsal you do is what counts
       • however Craik & Watkins
         • 2 types of rehearsal
           • maintenance rehearsal (described by MSM)
             • rehearses but doesn't move to ltm
           • elaborative rehearsal
             • link info to existing knowledge or it has a deep meaning

4. evaluation +

   • artificial material
     • lots of research to support MSM are from things that have no meaning
       • how does it work in everyday
   • more than one type of ltm
     • one to store facts and another to do practical things like ride a bike

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