3_MEDIA AS: REP - use slideshare for aid

3_MEDIA AS: REP - use slideshare for aid

1. PAST QUESTION 3'S FOR REP

   • With ref. to own detailed examples, explore the rep. of gender, young people and 2 issues in the media today
     • Need to be able to discuss how the representations have been created and constructed; this involves: Technical, audio and visual codes.
       • Moving text: Camera shots and angles, editing and audio codes
       • Print texts: Layout and design, language and mode of address, camera shots and angles
     • CONTEXT - where rep. appears and therefore, how meaning is changed
     • STEREOTYPES: A construction whereby character traits are exaggerated to make them easily recognisable. Can be either positive or negative but are easy for producers of media texts to transmit messages to audiences.
     • Young People
       • Points to make in response: 1) Say what rep. means and how reps. are constructed to evoke a response from the audience 2) State your understanding of how the ideology of the text may affect the rep. of certain groups, issues or events 3) comment on language used as this will provide the ideology 4) Comment on main image, analysing visual codes and if any iconic imagery is utilised 5) Consider purpose and effect of the features used be it any code.
         • The inbetweeners, Kidulthood, London Riots newspaper reports and Talent shows and olympic reports. - Sweet 16
       • Positive reps. are rather infrequent
         • Talent shows and charity events tend to represent them more positively. For the most part, negative reps. are in the news and police reports. Generally bad stereotypes of criminals and ASBOs.
     • Old People
       • Often constructed in a negative way with regards to stereotypically being deaf, grumpy and have an inability to function in everyday life. In magazines they tend to encode cover lines like get rid of those wrinkles etc. Being old is a concept that's avoided by the media.
         • Use texts: Gran Torino by Clint Eastwood and Woman and Home - comment on codes and the purpose and effect in relation to the representation.
     • Events
       • Consider these factors: - Ideology of text in which event features in - Is there any opinion/bias in the rep? - How event has been presented - Construction, selection and mediation - The focus of the rep. - Role of opinion leaders in influencing the audience - The audience that will consume the text and their response to the reps. encoded within it - For this i will need two examples of a text with a different media coverage be it print or moving
         • Talk about Japan's win over South Africa in the World Cup and Adam Johnson's paedophile case - From newspaper and magazine articles
     • Issues
       • BODY IMAGE
         • MALE and FEMALE - Heat magazines, Men's Health etc
       • Poverty
         • ONE - a charity aiding extreme poverty in Africa. Slumdog Millionaire also represents poverty in Indian Slums - find charity posters.
       • Will need to know the values of each text and what type of audience will consume it.
     • Gender
       • Females
         • Laura Mulvey "Male Gaze" theory states that females are there for sexual objectification, which is a stereotype, major issue in media with body image - Dove Campaign about body image, Cosmopolitan, Skyfall and Django - A2 TEXTS
       • Male
         • Main stereotypes - body image and physique, physical strength, power and independence and having sexual relationships with women. James Bond - Skyfal. Also Men's Health. Strictly Come Dancing etc. A2 TEXTS
     • Ethnicity
       • Is defined by your cultural identity which may demonstrate itself through dress, food, religion etc.. It suggests that identity is based on a sense of place, ideology or religion. You can be American but be a muslim.
       • Race - is the fact that you descend from a common ancestor giving you a clear set of racial characteristics. That may be related to the colour of your skin and facial features.
       • Django, Eastenders, London Grime in the news and Strictly come dancing.
         • Fresh prince of Bel-Air theme song
         • London Riots black people
     • National and Regional Identity
       • National Identity is the representation of a country as a whole, encompassing its culture, traditions, language and politics. This includes characteristics of the country that clearly definable to other nations
         • Rugby world 2015 trailer
           • Shows identities from England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland
         • Use slumdog Millionaire
         • Use saudi Arabia documentary of what actually happens
       • Regional Identity
         • Areas of a country
           • Use: Sweet 16, Geordie Shore and only way is essex or made in chelsea
     • Need to use texts that are from a range of media forms e.g. magazines, posters, trailers, documentaries, films etc. They need to be from latest 18 months ago in regards to events and issues
       • Texts to use: Slumdog millionaire, Rugby world cup 2015 trailer, saudi arabia doc., Grain Torino by clint eastwood, Woman and Home magazine, Heat and Men's health magazines, Django, eastenders, skyfall, strictly come dancing, London grime in news, fresh prince of bel-air theme song opening sequence, inbetweeners, kidulthood, sweet 16, ONE - charity posters about poverty in africa, talent shows (britains got talent) and olympic reports in newspapers etc. London Riots... Adam Johnson's paedophile case and Japans win over south africa in world cup, Geordie Shore, only way is essex and made in chelsea.
       • Gender, age, ethnicity, regional and national identity, events and issues

2. REP: The way in which aspects of society, including gender, age, ethnicity and national/local identity, are presented to an audience by specific media texts.

   • Need to keep in mind these factors
     • 1) What kind of world is represented by the text? (all media representations are constructions)
     • 2) Are stereotypes used? Their purpose?
     • 3) Are there any ideas and values apparent in the representations? i.e. All muslims are terrorists?
     • 4) Who's the target audience of the text? Will audiences respond differently to them? i.e. Donald Trump supports would agree, rest of the world (normal people) wouldn't
     • 5) What messages are contained within the text?

3. ENCODING AND DECODING

   • Producers of a text encode ideologies, beliefs or messages into a text and the audience will decode it. From the audience mind map i know the responses are extremely varied
   • Construction and Mediation
     • Construction: Is how the text is created so for example, a documentary like David Attenborough's would have taken a long period of time to film, however through editing the audience are made to focus just on the animals and their stories. Means that as an audience we see a selected representation
     • Mediation: The selection process is what a text will go through before it is consumed by an audience. In order for the producer to encode what ideologies they want to put across i.e. an editorial for a newspaper will offer an opinion, or their own representation of a text. A camera shot only shows what it took a picture of, leaving out potentially vital information for the audience.