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5134007
Muscular System
Description
muscular system mindmap
No tags specified
muscles
pe
gcse
pe
gcse
Mind Map by
Niamh Noble
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Niamh Noble
about 8 years ago
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Resource summary
Muscular System
Functions of Muscles
Movement
muscles contract and relax so we can move our limbs
Shape
maintains good posture
Protection
keep our abdominal muscles in place
Circulations
helps circulate our blood
Temperature
muscles generate body heat when they contract
Types of muscles
CARDIAC
Contracts and relaxes to pump blood
The cardiac muscles never get tired
Works without conscious effort
SMOOTH MUSCLE
Work without conscious effort
involuntary muscles
provide nutrients and remove waste
around organs such as intestines
SKELETAL
attached to the skeleton
Voluntary
make our bodies move
will improve our performance if we train them
Muscles and movement
movement at a joint is caused by muscles contracting to pull on the tendons
movement is produced by muscles working in pairs
agonist is the prime mover - e.g. bicep
attached by tendons to the shoulder - when it contracts the forearm is raised at the elbow
antagonist- e.g. tricep is the muscle that relaxes to allow movement
the tricep contracts it pulls the forearm down and extends the elbow
The origin - where the muscle joins to the stationary bones
the insertion- where the muscle joins a moving bone
when muscles contract the insertion moved towards the origin
TYPES OF MOVEMENT
Flexion
decreasing the angle at a joint
elbox joint
bicep curl
Extension
increasing the angle at a joint
elbow joint
tricep extension
abduction
taking a limb away from the midline of the body
outward phase of breaststroke arms
shoulder joint
Adduction
moving a limb back towards the midline
inward phase of breastroke arms
shoulder joint
Rotation
moving a body part around a longitudinal axis
cricket bowl
shoulder joint
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