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types of long term memory (LTM)
Description
AS - Level psychology (chapter 2 - memory ) Mind Map on types of long term memory (LTM), created by Daisy U on 15/04/2016.
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psychology
chapter 2 - memory
as - level
Mind Map by
Daisy U
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Daisy U
about 8 years ago
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Resource summary
types of long term memory (LTM)
basics
Tulving stated that the multi-store model was too simplistic
he came up with the LTM
episodic memory
recall events from our past lives like a diary
they are complex as:
you remember when they 'time stamped'
includes several elements: people, places, objects and behaviours
you have to make a conscious effort to recall it
semantic memory
knowledge of the world - facts like an encyclopaedia
they are not time stamped - less personal
really broad range of subjects - constantly being added to
procedural memory
memory for actions, skills, things we do
recall without conscious awareness
for example how to drive a car
evaluation
clinical evidence
case study - Henry Molaison (HM) and Clive Wearing
episodic memory impaired due to amnesia but semantic and procedural was okay
couldn't remember past things happening but still understood meanings of words
HM couldn't remember stroking a dog and hour ago but could remember what a dog is
supports different memory stores as one can be affected but others still intact
neuroimaging evidence
brain scans sow different parts of the brain working on different memory tasks
Tulving - did PET sans on people doing different tasks
episodic and semantic are in the same area but different hemisphere
supports that there are physically different parts to memory.
tests have been repeated and have found the same (increase validity)
real life application
identify different aspects of LTM to make peoples life's better who have memory problems
Belleville - found old people with mild cognitive impairment could be improved by helping the episodic memory
knowing where it is means we can treat it
evaluation +
problems with clinical evidence
for example in the Molaison and Wearing study there was a huge lack of control
how reliable and valid is it - can it be generalised
are there three types of LTM or just two
Cohen and Squire
procedural memory is real called the non-declarative memory
but semantic and episodic are in one - called the declarative memory
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