5230868
Description
Mind Map by Rhiannon Bullen, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by kate.siena
over 9 years ago
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Copied by Rhiannon Bullen
over 9 years ago
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Cell activity
- Cells
- Animal cells
- Nucleus, to control the activities of
the cell
- Contains chromosomes which
carry genes that control the
characteristics of the body
- Different forms of
genes are called
alleles
- Different forms of
genes are called
alleles
- Contains chromosomes which
carry genes that control the
characteristics of the body
- Cytoplasm, in which most of the
chemical reactions take place
- The cell membrane controls passage
of substances into and out of the cell
- Mitochondria, where most of
the energy is released in
respiration
- Ribosomes, where
protein synthesis occurs
- Nucleus, to control the activities of
the cell
- Plant cells
- Chloroplasts, which absorb
light energy to make food
- Contain
chlorophyll
- Contain
chlorophyll
- A permanent vacuole
filled with cell sap
- A cell wall made of cellulose,
which strengthens and supports
the cell
- Chloroplasts, which absorb
light energy to make food
- Other cells
- Bacteria
- No nucleus - instead genetic
material is arranged in
plasmids
- cytoplasm, membrane, cell
wall, plasmids
- No nucleus - instead genetic
material is arranged in
plasmids
- Yeast
- A single celled
organism
- nucleus, cytoplasm, membrane, cell wall
- A single celled
organism
- Bacteria
- Animal cells
- Movement of substances in and out of
cells
- Diffusion
- Spreading of the particles
of any substance in
solution
- Results in a net movement of
particles from a region of high
concentration to a low
concentration
- The greater the difference in
concentration, the faster the rate of
diffusion
- Spreading of the particles
of any substance in
solution
- Osmosis
- Movement of water across a
partially permeable membrane
- Moves from an area of high
concentration to an area of low
concentration
- Movement of water across a
partially permeable membrane
- Definitions
- Isotonic: if two solutions have the same
concentration
- Hypertonic: the solution which is more
concentrated
- Hypotonic: the solution which is more
dilute
- Turgid plant cells: rigid plant cells with lots of
water
- Plasmolysed plant cells: shrunken
plant cells with little water
- Isotonic: if two solutions have the same
concentration
- Cells use active transport to absorb substances
across partially permeable membranes against
the concentration gradient.
- This requires energy from
respiration
- This requires energy from
respiration
- Efficiency of exchange can be increased
by
- Having a large surface
area
- Having a thin
surface
- Having an efficient blood
supply
- Being
ventilated
- Having a large surface
area
- Diffusion
- Cell division
- Meosis
- Cell divides to form sex
cells/gametes
- Cell divides twice to form
four gametes, each with a
single set of
chromosomes
- Gametes join at fertilisation and this
newly form cell divides by mitosis to
form many cells, becoming an organism
- Cell divides to form sex
cells/gametes
- Mitosis
- The cell divides once to produce
two genetically identical daughter
cells
- The cell divides once to produce
two genetically identical daughter
cells
- Cell division is essential for growth
and repair in an organism
- Plants can differentiate cells
throughout their lives, however
animals are unable to
- Meosis
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