P2.5.2- Atoms and Radiation

P2.5.2- Atoms and Radiation

1. Some substances give out radiation from the nuclei of their atoms al the time, whatever is done to them. These substances are said to be radioactive

2. Radioactive decay is random

3. Alpha

   • 2 neutrons and 2 protons = Helium Nucleus
   • Very Ionising
   • Range in air: 5cm- very short
   • Stopped by paper

4. Beta

   • Fast Moving Electron
   • Medium Ionisation Power
   • Range in air: 10cm- very long
   • Stopped by 2mm of aluminium

5. Gamma

   • Electromagnetic radiation
   • Low ionisation power
   • Range in Air: Infinite
   • Stopped by 5mm of lead

6. Alpha and Beta radiations are deflected by both electric and magnetic fields but gamma radiaton is not

   • Alpha particles are deflected less than beta particles and in the opposite direction
   • Alpha is positive and therefore attracted to the negative south pole
     • Beta is negative and therefore is attracted to the positive north pole

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