SDGs negotiation and results analysis

SDGs negotiation and results analysis

1. derivanti da Rio 20, si chiedeva che fossero TRASFORMATIVI

   • gli SDG sono stati una modalitá per superare il vecchio modello di negoziazione di accordi sullo sviluppo sostenible
     • GETTING TO 2030: NEGOTIATING THE POST-2015 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA p. 7
     • il sistema dei SIDE EVENTS ha preso ispirazione dalle negoziazioni sul cambio climatico ma a differenza delle mega conferenze, in questo caso si é cercato di ridurre il numero dei partecipanti
       • Schroeder, H. & Lovell, H. 2012, "The role of non-nation-state actors and side events in the international climate negotiations", Climate Policy, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 23-37.

2. While many of these goals look quite similar to the eight Millennium Development Goals, much of the content expands on those in a variety of different ways. Environmental dimensions, the interconnection between different problems, interrelated aspects of poverty and marginalization, and others are much more pronounced in the SDGs than they were in earlier efforts.

   • Casey Stevens1 • Norichika Kanie The transformative potential of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
   • Gupta and Vegelin argue that although the SDGs emphasize social and environmental aspects, they do not question the growth-oriented development model
     • Joyeeta Gupta y Courtney Vegelin, «Sustainable development goals and inclusive development», International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 16, n.o 3 (2016): 433-48, doi:10.1007/s10784-016-9323-z.
     • although the SDG text demonstrates a rhetorical commitment to inclusiveness with over 40 references to inclusion and includes a target to address inequality, there is relatively little emphasis on how power differentials that lie at the heart of inequality can be addressed.

3. In many ways it shares similarities with the earlier UN Decades of Development and the most recent Millennium Development Goal era (2000–2015); however, there are some key differences in this agenda

   • Casey Stevens1 • Norichika Kanie The transformative potential of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
   • the SDGs aim to create an integrative agenda that includes environmental sustainability and social concerns with the poverty eradication agenda
   • , the preparation of the SDGs was undertaken through a lengthy, open, and transparent process with many actors involved in the various levels of discussions, in contrast to the earlier efforts involving only narrow groups of internal UN actors
   • The formation process of the SDGs was unique when compared with other global governance efforts

4. analisi del processo negoziale

   • The use of so-called troikas broke down cemented negotiating blocks, the lengthy stocktaking process helped develop mutual trust between participants, and con- tinuous monitoring and control of the text by the co-chairs themselves served to create a different negotiating environment
   • In addition to state-led negotiations at the UN Headquarters, a wider set of processes aiming to include civil society in the discussion occurred.
   • The intergovernmental process that created the SDGs may have limited replicability in other negotiations.
     • While the SDGs and the post-2015 development pro- cesses contributed to a single outcome – and shared a common Co-Chair – the way they were negotiated dif- fered greatly. The OWG negotiations followed a unique process never before seen in the UN, while the post- 2015 negotiations were more traditional in their scope and methodology.
       • TROIKAS VERSUS TRADITIONAL COALITIONS
       • nelle negoziazioni intergovernative si presentarono 2 blocchi: europa - g77 e altri paesi sciolti. ció ha creato una dura situazione di contrasto tra paesi nord-sud
   • le negoziazioni sono giunte in un momento in cui gli stati non riuscivano a raggiungere un accordo da anni... e il risultato é stato sorprendente per molti, sicuramente per gli stessi partecipanti
     • Getting to 2030: Negotiating the Post-2015 Sustainable Development Agenda Pamela S. Chasek,* Lynn M. Wagner, Faye Leone, Ana-Maria Lebada and Nathalie Risse
     • tensione tra principio di partecipazione universale e principio di responsabilitá comune ma differenziata
       • il principio di universalitá é una novitá, sopratutto per gli accordi relativi ai cambiamenti climatici
         • M.J. Hoffmann, Climate Governance at Crossroads: Experimenting with a Global Response after Kyoto (Oxford University Press, 2011), at 64
     • If the purpose of the OWG was to not only elaborate a set of SDGs but also to build a sense of universal ownership of the goals and targets, it was clearly a success.
       • R. Bhandary et al., ‘Summary of the UN Sustainable Development Summit: 25–27 September 2015’, 32:24 Earth Negotiations Bulletin (2015), at 15

5. Nexus approach

   • while many of the 17 SDGs remain largely sectoral in their approach, there are opportunities in the post-2015 era to institutionalize a nexus approach Cross-sectoral strategies in global sustainability governance: towards a nexus approach Ingrid Boas Frank Biermann Norichika Kanie
   • if compared to the earlier Millennium Development Goals, the 17 new Sustainable Development Goals are leaning further towards integrating different policy domains in many ways

6. Modalities for the Process of Intergovernmental Negotiations on the Post-2015 Development Agenda (UN Doc. A/69/L.46, 22 December 2014).