Deontology

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A-Levels Unnecessary Mind Map on Deontology, created by TeenySweeney on 26/04/2013.
TeenySweeney
Mind Map by TeenySweeney, updated more than 1 year ago
TeenySweeney
Created by TeenySweeney almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Deontology
  1. Kant (1724-1804)
    1. The Theory
      1. Duty as the basis of morality.
        1. Absolute
          1. Duty for Duty's sake.
            1. You cannot predict consequences, so we should not assess the worth of an action by them
            2. Feeling and inclination cannot be the baisis for moral action.
              1. We cannot order ourselves to feel something (i.e. love, sympathy)
                1. This cannot be our duty.

                  Annotations:

                  • We OUGHT to do our duty. OUGHT implies CAN. Our duty cannot be anything which we are unable to do.
          2. Immortality
            1. All humans strive to achieve the summum bonum.
              1. It is not possible to achieve it in one lifetime, so we must be immortal in order to continue to strive towards the supreme good.
              2. Belief in God is logical to explain our thoughts and actions, but it cannot be proved.
              3. Humans are free to make rational decisions.

                Annotations:

                • Without freedom, we would not be able to make moral 'choices'. The ability to freely rationalize is what separates humans from animals, which is why freedom is important.
                1. "Good will shines forth like a precious jewel."

                  Annotations:

                  • Good will is the highest form of good. It can also be understood as meaning duty. To do one's duty is to perform a morally right action. All moral good comes from duty. Happiness is good, but it is a 'lesser' good.
                  1. "To tell a falsehood to a murderer who asked us whether our friend, of whom he was in pursuit had not taken refuge in our house, would be a crime."
                  2. Two types of command which help us to do our duty
                    1. Hypothetical Imperatives
                      1. Categorical Imperatives.
                    2. Focuses on the action
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