Cancer Control!.....

Description & Why is it an NHPA?
1. Define: general term for a number of different condition where uncontrolled mutation and growth of cells threaten to damage other parts of the body.
2. abnormal cells grow and divide this could result in a tumour
  1. can turn to malignant
    1. can invade other cells
3. secondary cancers known as metastasise
4. eight types of cancer prostate, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, non melanoma, caner of the cervix and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
5. It is an NHPA b/c Many cancers are preventable, contributes to more YLL’s, largest contributor to burden of disease and has significant costs to the community and individual.
Costs
1. Direct
  1. Individual
    1. Medical Treament
    2. Medication
  2. Community
    1. Medicare/PBS/PHI
    2. Health Programs
2. Indirect
  1. Individual
    1. lost income
    2. lost time due to travel b/w appointments
    3. employing others
  2. Community
    1. lost tax revenue
    2. lost productivity
    3. welfare payments
3. Intangible
  1. Individual
    1. pain and suffering
    2. anxiety for treatment
    3. missing school/work
  2. Community
    1. support
    2. sadness and despair
Determinants
1. Biological
  1. Body Weight
    1. relationship between obesity and high rates of cancer, including breast and colorectal
  2. Age
    1. increase in age is a risk
  3. Genetic Predisposition
    1. more likely to develop
    2. Particular importance for certain cancers such as breast and prostate cancer
2. Behavioural
  1. Tobacco Smoking
    1. Contribute to cancers in almost all parts of the body especially lungs
  2. Alcohol Consumption
    1. some cancers such as breast
  3. Low Fibre Diet
    1. increase colorectal risk
    2. fruit and veg are a protective factor
  4. Exposure to Sunlight
    1. increase skin cancer
  5. Infected with HPV
    1. risk for cervical
      1. vaccine available
    2. Sexually transmitted
3. Physical Environment
  1. Access to recreational Facilities
    1. link to obesity> risk factor for cancers
  2. Work Environment
    1. outside job - skin cancer
    2. Exposure to hazardous substances - lung cancer
  3. Air quality
    1. 80 substances in air increase cancer risk
    2. industrial and major cities are at major risk
  4. Environmental Tobacco Smoke
    1. exposure creates a risk factor for cancer
  5. Climate
    1. UV rays are high leading to skin cancer
  6. Geographical Location of Resources
    1. cancer screenings contribute to early detection and higher survival rates
      1. rural and remote areas lack access of this
4. Social
  1. Socioeconomic Status
    1. Low SES - smoke - lung cancer
  2. Food Security
    1. only afford processed foods
    2. high Sat fat increases colorectal risk
  3. Stress
    1. weakens immune systems. Can allow cancer cells to develop
  4. Access to healthcare
    1. cultural barriers & lack of education restrict use
    2. latter or no detection
      1. some cancers need early detection
Health Promotion
1. Quit
2. Breastscreen
3. Movember
4. National HPC Vaccine
5. Sunsmart

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Cancer Control!.....

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	Created by mikaela.farrugia about 10 years ago